{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T10:28:47Z","timestamp":1767176927479,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]],"date-time":"2018-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]],"date-time":"2018-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adv Simul"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several models for educational simulation of labor and delivery were published in the literature and incorporated into a commercially available training simulator (CAE Healthcare Lucina). However, the engine of this simulator does not include a model for the clinically relevant indicators: uterine contraction amplitude and frequency, and cervical dilation. In this paper, such a model is presented for the primigravida in normal labor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The conceptual and mathematical models represent oxytocin release by the hypothalamus, oxytocin pharmacokinetics, and oxytocin effect on uterine contractions, cervical dilation, and (positive) feedback from cervical dilation to oxytocin release by the hypothalamus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Simulation results for cervical dilation are presented, together with target data for a normal primigravida. Corresponding oxytocin concentrations and amplitude and frequency of uterine contractions are also presented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An original empirical model for educational simulation of oxytocin concentration, uterine contractions, and cervical dilation in first-stage labor is presented. Simulation results for cervical dilation match target data for a normal patient. The model forms a basis for taking into account more independent variables and patient profiles and can thereby considerably expand the range of training scenarios that can be simulated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41077-018-0068-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]],"date-time":"2018-06-15T00:36:56Z","timestamp":1529023016000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An empirical model for educational simulation of cervical dilation in first-stage labor"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Silvano R.","family":"Gefferie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anouk W. J.","family":"Scholten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8542-5494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim A. E.","family":"Wijlens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. Lu\u00edsa","family":"Ferreira Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. Beatrijs","family":"van der Hout-van der Jagt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Zwart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Willem J.","family":"van Meurs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"68_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2010.04.015","volume":"32","author":"LF Bastos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bastos LF, Lobo MF, van Meurs WL, Ayres-de-Campos D. An intrauterine pressure generator for educational simulation of labour and delivery. Med Eng Phys. 2010;32:740\u20135.","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"key":"68_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2011.09.016","volume":"107","author":"LF Bastos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bastos LF, van Meurs W, Ayres-de-Campos D. A model for educational simulation of the evolution of uterine contractions during labor. Comput Methods Prog Biomed. 2012;107:242\u20137.","journal-title":"Comput Methods Prog Biomed"},{"key":"68_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2012.06.021","volume":"35","author":"MF Lobo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lobo MF, Bastos LF, van Meurs WL, Ayres-de-Campos D. A model for educational simulation of the effect of oxytocin on uterine contractions. Med Eng Phys. 2013;35:524\u201331.","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"key":"68_CR4","unstructured":"Childbirth simulator. https:\/\/caehealthcare.com\/patient-simulation\/lucina. Accessed 8 June 2017."},{"key":"68_CR5","unstructured":"Marieb EN, Hoehn K. Pregnancy and Human Development. In: Human anatomy and physiology. 10th ed: Pearson Education, Limited; 2015. p. 1116\u20137."},{"key":"68_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181fdef6e","volume":"116","author":"J Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang J, Landy H, Branch D, Burkman R. Contemporary patterns of spontaneous labor with normal neonatal outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;116:1281\u20137.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"68_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(12)90793-0","volume":"165","author":"A-R Fuchs","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fuchs A-R, Romero R, Keefe D, Parra M, Oyarzun E, Behnke E. Oxytocin secretion and human parturition: pulse frequency and duration increase during spontaneous labor in women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991;165:1515\u201323.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"68_CR8","unstructured":"Becker KL. Physiology of vasopressin, oxytocin, and thirst. In: Principles and practice of endocrinology and metabolism. 3rd ed: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p. 276\u201384."},{"key":"68_CR9","unstructured":"Brandis K. Fluid Physiology. http:\/\/www.anaesthesiamcq.com\/FluidBook\/fl2_1.php. Accessed 1 June 2017."},{"issue":"2 The Uterus","key":"68_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1959.tb44593.x","volume":"75","author":"R Caldeyro-Barcia","year":"1959","unstructured":"Caldeyro-Barcia R, Poseiro JJ. Oxytocin and contractility of the pregnant human uterus. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1959;75(2 The Uterus):813\u201330.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"68_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(96)00080-X","volume":"19","author":"MC Antonucci","year":"1997","unstructured":"Antonucci MC, Pitman MC, Eid T, Steer PJ, Genevier ES. Simultaneous monitoring of head-to-cervix forces, intrauterine pressure and cervical dilatation during labour. Med Eng Phys. 1997;19:317\u201326.","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s41077-021-00184-y","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000}}],"container-title":["Advances in Simulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41077-018-0068-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s41077-018-0068-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41077-018-0068-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T15:07:00Z","timestamp":1633100820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s41077-018-0068-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["68"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41077-018-0068-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2059-0628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2059-0628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 January 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2021","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41077-021-00184-y","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41077-021-00184-y","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Drs. Ferreira Bastos and Van Meurs received royalties for licensing of the Childbirth simulator mentioned in the introduction by the University of Porto to CAE Healthcare, Montreal, Canada. In the 2016\u20132017 academic year, Willem van Meurs was a consultant to and received a grant from CAE Healthcare, Montreal, Canada. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"9"}}