{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:10:36Z","timestamp":1791295836391,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,17]],"date-time":"2010-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1289952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI18797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI18797"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19 AI083022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19 AI083022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Virion Systems, Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The 2009 outbreak of pandemic H1N1 influenza, increased drug resistance, and the significant delay in obtaining adequate numbers of vaccine doses have heightened awareness of the need to develop new antiviral drugs that can be used prophylactically or therapeutically. Previously, we showed that the experimental anti-tumor drug DMXAA potently induced IFN-\u03b2 but relatively low TNF-\u03b1 expression in vitro. This study confirms these findings in vivo and demonstrates further that DMXAA induces potent antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, DMXAA protected RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells from VSV-induced cytotoxicity and moreover, inhibited replication of influenza, including the Tamiflu\u00ae-resistant H1N1 influenza A\/Br strain, in MDCK cells. In vivo, DMXAA protected WT C57BL\/6J but not IFN-\u03b2\u2212\/\u2212 mice from lethality induced by the mouse-adapted H1N1 PR8 influenza strain when administered before or after infection. Protection was accompanied by mitigation of weight loss, increased IFN-\u03b2 mRNA and protein levels in the lung, and significant inhibition of viral replication in vivo early after DMXAA treatment. Collectively, this study provides data to support the use of DMXAA as a novel antiviral agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0410216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,18]],"date-time":"2010-11-18T03:42:34Z","timestamp":1290051754000},"page":"351-357","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["The anti-tumor agent, 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), induces IFN-\u03b2-mediated antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Kari Ann","family":"Shirey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan M","family":"Nhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin C","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virion Systems , Rockville, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary J","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R","family":"Teijaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna L","family":"Farber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge C","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virion Systems , Rockville, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie N","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020612003868500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.2.179","article-title":"Mortality associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States","volume":"289","author":"Thompson","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023020612003868500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.11.1333","article-title":"Influenza-associated hospitalizations in the United States","volume":"292","author":"Thompson","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023020612003868500_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050740","article-title":"Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza","volume":"353","author":"Moscona","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. 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