{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T17:36:41Z","timestamp":1768585001092,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,7]],"date-time":"2004-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1089158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Program A.F. 2001\u2013","award":["4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4"]}]},{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases","award":["875.741.14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["875.741.14"]}]},{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases","award":["875.740.0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["875.740.0"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human monocytes can differentiate into dendritic cells (DCs) according to the nature of environmental signals. We tested here whether the infection with the live tuberculosis vaccine bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), which is known to be limited in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis, modulates monocyte and DC differentiation. We found that monocytes infected with BCG differentiate into CD1a\u2013 DCs (BCG-DCs) in the presence of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-4 and acquired a mature phenotype in the absence of maturation stimuli. In addition, BCG-DCs produced proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor \u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6) and IL-10 but not IL-12. BCG-DCs were able to stimulate allogeneic T lymphocytes to a similar degree as DCs generated in the absence of infection. However, BCG-DCs induced IL-4 production when cocultured with human cord-blood mononuclear cells. The induction of IL-4 production by DCs generated by BCG-infected monocytes could explain the failure of the BCG vaccine to prevent pulmonary tuberculosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0703313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,8]],"date-time":"2004-07-08T00:21:44Z","timestamp":1089246104000},"page":"827-834","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Dendritic cells derived from BCG-infected precursors induce Th2-like immune response"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Angelo","family":"Martino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani,\u201d IRCCS , Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Sacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani,\u201d IRCCS , Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nunzia","family":"Sanarico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani,\u201d IRCCS , Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunochemistry, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Spadaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Biology, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 , Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Ramoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Biology, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 , Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ciaramella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunochemistry, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leopoldo Paolo","family":"Pucillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani,\u201d IRCCS , Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Colizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani,\u201d IRCCS , Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunochemistry, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Vendetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Infectious Diseases \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani,\u201d IRCCS , Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023033023594456700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/32588","article-title":"Dendritic cells and the control of the immunity","volume":"392","author":"Banchereau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023033023594456700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00448-2","article-title":"Dendritic cells as vectors for therapy","volume":"106","author":"Banchereau","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023033023594456700_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(97)80153-7","article-title":"Origin, maturation and antigen presenting function of dendritic cells","volume":"9","author":"Cella","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr. 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