{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T09:53:23Z","timestamp":1760608403727,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,10]],"date-time":"2007-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1168387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI054458","AI051346"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI054458","AI051346"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008143","name":"Oregon National Primate Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RR00163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RR00163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008143","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIH Tetramer Core Facility"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies have shown that T cells, which are genetically deficient in CTLA-4\/CD152 expression, will proliferate uncontrollably, resulting in lethal autoimmune disease. This and other evidence indicate that CTLA-4 plays a critical role in the negative regulation of effector T cell function. In contrast to expectations, BrdU incorporation experiments demonstrated that CTLA-4 expression was associated with normal or even enhanced in vivo proliferation of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or vaccinia virus infection. When compared with CTLA-4\u2013 T cells directly ex vivo, CTLA-4+ T cells also exhibited normal antiviral effector functions following stimulation with peptide-coated cells, virus-infected cells, plate-bound anti-CD3\/anti-CTLA-4, or the cytokines IL-12 and IL-18. Together, this indicates that CTLA-4 does not directly inhibit antivral T cell expansion or T cell effector functions, at least not under the normal physiological conditions associated with either of these two acute viral infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0806535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,11]],"date-time":"2007-01-11T02:10:10Z","timestamp":1168481410000},"page":"1165-1175","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pivotal Advance: CTLA-4+ T cells exhibit normal antiviral functions during acute viral infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Hans-Peter","family":"Rau\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University , Beaverton, Oregon , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark K","family":"Slifka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University , Beaverton, Oregon , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023033006541339000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.233","article-title":"CD28\/B7 system of T cell costimulation","volume":"14","author":"Lenschow","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu. 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