{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T10:41:16Z","timestamp":1789296076010,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,24]],"date-time":"2007-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00f5es de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro"},{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"name":"Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Paul Ehrlich de Biologia Celular Aplicada a Medicina"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Galectin-3 (gal-3), a \u03b2-galactoside-binding animal lectin, plays a role in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Extracellular gal-3 modulates cell migration and adhesion in several physiological and pathological processes. Gal-3 is highly expressed in activated macrophages. Schistosoma mansoni eggs display a large amount of gal-3 ligands on their surface and elicit a well-characterized, macrophage-dependent, granulomatous, inflammatory reaction. Here, we have investigated the acute and chronic phases of S. mansoni infection in wild-type and gal-3\u2212\/\u2212 mice. In the absence of gal-3, chronic-phase granulomas were smaller in diameter, displaying thinner collagen fibers with a loose orientation. Schistosoma-infected gal-3\u2212\/\u2212 mice had remarkable changes in the monocyte\/macrophage, eosinophil, and B lymphocyte subpopulations as compared with the infected wild-type mice. We observed a reduction of macrophage number, an increase in eosinophil absolute number, and a decrease in B lymphocyte subpopulation (B220+\/high cells) in the periphery during the evolution of the disease in gal-3\u2212\/\u2212 mice. B lymphopenia was followed by an increase of plasma cell number in bone marrow, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes of the infected gal-3\u2212\/\u2212 mice. The plasma IgG and IgE levels also increased in these mice. Gal-3 plays a role in the organization, collagen distribution, and mobilization of inflammatory cells to chronic-phase granulomas, niches for extramedullary myelopoiesis, besides interfering with monocyte-to-macrophage and B cell-to-plasma cell differentiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1206747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,25]],"date-time":"2007-04-25T02:23:40Z","timestamp":1177467820000},"page":"300-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Kinetics of mobilization and differentiation of lymphohematopoietic cells during experimental murine schistosomiasis in galectin-3\u2212\/\u2212 mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"F L","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Fraz\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Chammas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Oncologia Experimental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, and Center for Cell-Based Therapy, CEPID-FAPESP , S\u00e3o Paulo , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D K","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F T","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Borojevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C M","family":"Takiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M C","family":"El-Cheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90263-K","article-title":"S-type mammalian lectins in allergic inflammation","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90498-7","article-title":"Galectins: a family of animal \u03b2-galactoside-binding lectins","volume":"76","author":"Barondes","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70195-7","article-title":"Metastasis of human colon cancer is altered by modifying expression of the \u03b2-galactoside-binding protein galectin 3","volume":"115","author":"Bresalier","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"6239","article-title":"The NH2 terminus of galectin-3 governs cellular compartmentalization and functions in cancer cells","volume":"59","author":"Gong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102109","article-title":"Regulation of cytokine receptors by Golgi N-glycan processing and endocytosis","volume":"306","author":"Partridge","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3479","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.7.3479","article-title":"A human lectin, galectin-3 (\u025b bp\/Mac-2), stimulates superoxide production by neutrophils","volume":"154","author":"Yamaoka","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3430","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.9.3430","article-title":"Galectin-3 activates the NADPH-oxidase in exudated but not peripheral blood neutrophils","volume":"91","author":"Karlsson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(94)90072-8","article-title":"An endogenous lectin, galectin-3 (\u025b BP\/Mac-2), potentiates IL-1 production by human monocytes","volume":"42","author":"Jeng","year":"1994","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.4.2156","article-title":"Human galectin-3 is a novel chemoattractant for monocytes and macrophages","volume":"165","author":"Sano","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63255-5","article-title":"Critical role for galectin-3 in airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in a murine model of asthma","volume":"165","author":"Zuberi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6737","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.13.6737","article-title":"Expression of galectin-3 modulates T-cell growth and apoptosis","volume":"93","author":"Yang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.69.4.555","article-title":"Expression and function of galectin-3, a \u03b2-galactoside-binding protein in activated T lymphocytes","volume":"69","author":"Joo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. 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Pathol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"1437","article-title":"Spontaneous modulation of granulomatous hypersensitivity in","volume":"114","author":"Boros","year":"1975","journal-title":"Schistosomiasis mansoni. J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"1322","article-title":"Egg deposition is the major stimulus for the production of Th2 cytokines in murine","volume":"146","author":"Grzych","year":"1991","journal-title":"Schistosomiasis mansoni. J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"1605","article-title":"Increase of B-lymphocyte number and activity during experimental murine","volume":"27","author":"El-Cheikh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Schistosomiasis mansoni. Braz. J. Med. Biol. 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Agents Chemother."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3107127","article-title":"Interferon-\u03b3 and B cell stimulatory factor-1 reciprocally regulate Ig isotype production","volume":"236","author":"Snapper","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4165(02)00314-8","article-title":"Role of galectins in inflammatory and immunomodulatory processes","volume":"1572","author":"Rabinovich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"89","article-title":"Eosinophil granulocytopoiesis in hepatic periovular granulomas during the chronic phase of experimental murine","volume":"71","author":"Geuskens","year":"1991","journal-title":"Schistosomiasis mansoni. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"93","article-title":"Eosinophil granulocyte proliferation and differentiation in schistosomal granulomas are controlled by two cytokines","volume":"64","author":"El-Cheikh","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2494(97)82666-1","article-title":"Haematopoietic capacity of colony-forming cells mobilized in hepatic inflammatory reactions as compared to that of normal bone marrow cells","volume":"148","author":"Dutra","year":"1997","journal-title":"Res. Immunol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"37","article-title":"Modulation of macrophage and polymorphonuclear granulocyte inflammatory reaction in experimental murine","volume":"30","author":"Borojevic","year":"1984","journal-title":"Schistosomiasis mansoni. Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"268","article-title":"Chronic human Schistosomiasis mansoni. Pathology of the Disse\u2019s space","volume":"36","author":"Grimaud","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwj058","article-title":"LacDiNAc- and LacNAc-containing glycans induce granulomas in an in vivo model for schistosome egg-induced hepatic granuloma formation","volume":"16","author":"Van de Vijver","year":"2006","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","first-page":"1016","article-title":"Expression and function of galectin-3, a \u03b2-galactoside-binding lectin, in human monocytes and macrophages","volume":"147","author":"Liu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3372","article-title":"Maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells studied by microarray hybridization","volume":"275","author":"Dietz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200317592","article-title":"Critical role of galectin-3 in phagocytosis by macrophages","volume":"112","author":"Sano","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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USA"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/10.3.237","article-title":"Interaction between galectin-3 and Fc\u03b3RII induces down-regulation of IL-5 gene: implication of the promoter sequence IL-5REIII","volume":"10","author":"Cortegano","year":"2000","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2001.790116.x","article-title":"Eosinophil trafficking to sites of allergic inflammation","volume":"179","author":"Broide","year":"2001","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"2023033006514722600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.62.3.389","article-title":"Liver granulomas in schistosomiasis: mast cell-dependent induction of SCF expression in hepatic stellate cells is mediated by TNF-\u03b1","volume":"62","author":"Brito","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. 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