{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T08:26:31Z","timestamp":1786436791007,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,13]],"date-time":"2017-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>IL-31 is a recently identified cytokine with a well-defined role in the pathogenesis of pruritus. IL-31, whose production is induced by IL-4 and IL-33, binds a heterodimeric receptor (R) composed of the exclusive IL-31RA chain and the shared oncostatin M R. Signaling through the IL-31R involves the MAPK, PI3K\/AKT and Jak\/STAT pathways. Different variants and isoforms of IL-31RA with different signaling activities have been identified. IL-31 is produced predominantly by circulating Th2 lymphocytes and skin-homing CLA+CD45RO+ T cells. Studies in humans have demonstrated a pathogenic role for IL-31 in atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma. The first demonstration of the involvement of the IL-31\/IL-31R axis in cancer came from studies in patients with mycosis fungoides\/S\u00e9zary syndrome, the most frequent, cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Tumor cells were shown to produce IL-31, whose serum levels correlated with pruritus intensity. Follicular lymphoma (FL) B cells and their counterparts\u2014germinal center B cells\u2014produced IL-31 and expressed IL-31R, which signaled in the former, but not the latter, cells. IL-31 released in association with microvesicles promoted tumor growth through autocrine\/paracrine loops. Malignant mast cells from patients with mastocytosis or Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative disorder produced IL-31, which contributed to pruritus pathogenesis. Finally, patients with endometrial carcinoma displayed high serum levels of IL-31 and IL-33, which may represent promising disease biomarkers. Targeting strategies for the IL-31\/IL-31R axis have been developed, including the CIMM331 humanized anti-human IL-31RA antibody recently tested in a phase I\/Ib study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3mr0117-033r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,14]],"date-time":"2017-04-14T00:40:15Z","timestamp":1492130415000},"page":"711-717","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["The IL-31\/IL-31 receptor axis: general features and role in tumor microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Ferretti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Corcione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"Pistoia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9 , Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023013012233329400_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1084","article-title":"Interleukin 31, a cytokine produced by activated T cells, induces dermatitis in mice","volume":"5","author":"Dillon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. 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