{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T15:07:15Z","timestamp":1759936035397,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]],"date-time":"2017-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The partial effectiveness against pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), displayed by the existing tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin (BCG), highlights the need for novel vaccines to replace or improve BCG. In TB immunology, antigen-specific cellular immune response is frequently considered indispensable. Latency-associated antigens are intriguing as targets for TB vaccine development. The mycobacterial protein, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (Lpd; Rv0462), the third enzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, facilitates Mycobacterium tuberculosis to resist host reactive nitrogen intermediates. Multicolor flow cytometry analysis of whole-blood cultures showed higher Lpd-specific Th1 recall response (IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-2; P = 0.0006) and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (CCR7+ CD45RA\u2212 and CCR7\u2212 CD45RA\u2212) in healthy household contacts (HHC) of TB (P &amp;lt; 0.0001), which is comparable with or higher than the standard antigens, ESAT-6 and CFP-10. The frequency of Lpd-specific multifunctional T cells was higher in HHC compared with PTB patients. However, there is no significant statistical correlation. Regulatory T cell (Treg) analysis of HHCs and active TB patients demonstrated very low Lpd-specific CD4+ Tregs relative to ESAT-6 and CFP-10. Our study demonstrates that the Lpd antigen induces a strong cellular immune response in healthy mycobacteria-infected individuals. In consideration of this population having demonstrated immunologic protection against active TB disease development, our data are encouraging about the possible use of Lpd as a target for further TB subunit vaccine development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.4a0916-067rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]],"date-time":"2017-04-21T00:40:33Z","timestamp":1492735233000},"page":"135-151","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-Lpd (Rv0462)-specific T cell recall responses are higher in healthy household contacts of TB: a novel immunodominant antigen from <i>M. tuberculosis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Santhi","family":"Devasundaram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis , Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alamelu","family":"Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis , Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023013012230996800_B1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Long-term results of BCG vaccination in the southern United States","volume":"93","author":"Comstock","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am. 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