{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T10:27:39Z","timestamp":1769423259522,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et Recherche M\u00e9dicale","award":["INSERM U1183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INSERM U1183"]}]},{"name":"University of Montpellier, and Roche France"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Excessive alcohol consumption has a modulating effect on immune functions that may contribute to decreased immunity and host defense. It is associated with increased intestinal permeability to endotoxins that is normalized after 14 d of abstinence. Whether and how blood monocyte subsets are impaired in patients with an AUD and what their evolution is after alcohol withdrawal are the paper\u2019s objectives. With the use of flow cytometry, blood monocyte subsets were quantified in AUDs before (n = 40) and 2 wk after (n = 33) alcohol withdrawal and compared with HC donors (n = 20). Expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on monocyte subsets was also quantified. Cytokine response of monocytes was monitored following PGN and LPS stimulation. The CD14+CD16\u2212 subset was decreased, whereas the CD14dimCD16+ subset was expanded (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in AUD compared with HC. The frequencies of TLR2- and TLR4-expressing monocytes were reduced in AUD compared with HC. Although the basal production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF by monocytes in AUD was compared with HC, the PGN- and LPS-mediated IL-6 and TNF production was increased in AUD. Frequencies of IL-6-expressing monocytes were higher in AUD than HC. Alcohol withdrawal partially restored the distribution of monocyte subsets and the frequency of IL-6-producing monocytes and increased the frequency of TNF-producing cells in response to LPS and PGN stimulation to levels compared with those in HC. Our findings indicate that chronic alcohol use alters the distribution as well as the phenotypic and functional characteristics of blood monocyte subsets, which are partially restored following 2 wk of alcohol withdrawal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.5a0216-060rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]],"date-time":"2016-06-03T03:29:22Z","timestamp":1464924562000},"page":"1191-1199","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effects of alcohol withdrawal on monocyte subset defects in chronic alcohol users"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Donnadieu-Rigole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medecine and Biotherapies, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier , Montpellier , France"},{"name":"University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Addictology, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier , Montpellier , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thibault","family":"Mura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Information, La Colombi\u00e8re Hospital , Montpellier , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Portales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier , Montpellier , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Duroux-Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medecine and Biotherapies, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier , Montpellier , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Bouthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier , Montpellier , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Francois","family":"Eliaou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier , Montpellier , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Perney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France"},{"name":"Department of Addictology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Car\u00e9meau , N\u00f4mes , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Apparailly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medecine and Biotherapies, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire Montpellier , Montpellier , France"},{"name":"University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France"},{"name":"Department for Osteoarticular Diseases, University Hospital Lapeyronie , Montpellier , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011710425086200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckt015","article-title":"Alcohol-attributable mortality in France","volume":"23","author":"Gu\u00e9rin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public Health"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60009-X","article-title":"Alcohol-use disorders","volume":"373","author":"Schuckit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.10.042","article-title":"Gut-liver axis in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"148","author":"Szabo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92109-3","article-title":"The leaky gut of alcoholism: possible route of entry for toxic compounds","volume":"1","author":"Bjarnason","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6918(03)00034-9","article-title":"Effect of alcohol consumption on the gut","volume":"17","author":"Bode","year":"2003","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(91)90933-3","article-title":"Plasma endotoxin concentrations in patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease: reevaluation with an improved chromogenic assay","volume":"12","author":"Fukui","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-075001","article-title":"Microbial translocation across the GI tract","volume":"30","author":"Brenchley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3446","article-title":"The history of Toll-like receptors\u2014redefining innate immunity","volume":"13","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7628","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.12.7628","article-title":"TLR2- and TLR4-mediated signals determine attenuation or augmentation of inflammation by acute alcohol in monocytes","volume":"176","author":"Oak","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00842.x","article-title":"A recent perspective on alcohol, immunity, and host defense","volume":"33","author":"Szabo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B11","first-page":"1927","article-title":"Alcohol abuse, alcoholism, and damage to the immune system\u2014a review","volume":"22","author":"Cook","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.08.012","article-title":"Human CD14dim monocytes patrol and sense nucleic acids and viruses via TLR7 and TLR8 receptors","volume":"33","author":"Cros","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.06.009","article-title":"Examining the role of neuroinflammation in major depression","volume":"229","author":"Furtado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B14","first-page":"97","article-title":"Epigenetic targets for reversing immune defects caused by alcohol exposure","volume":"35","author":"Curtis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alcohol Res."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616384","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/616384","article-title":"Changes in the monocytic subsets CD14(dim)CD16(+) and CD14(++)CD16(-) in chronic systolic heart failure patients","volume":"2012","author":"Amir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e109775","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109775","article-title":"Functional phenotype of synovial monocytes modulating inflammatory T-cell responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)","volume":"9","author":"Yoon","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2014.03.019","article-title":"Monocyte subsets in man and other species","volume":"289","author":"Ziegler-Heitbrock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V82.10.3170.3170","article-title":"The novel subset of CD14+\/CD16+ blood monocytes is expanded in sepsis patients","volume":"82","author":"Fingerle","year":"1993","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e36435","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036435","article-title":"Susceptibility and response of human blood monocyte subsets to primary dengue virus infection","volume":"7","author":"Wong","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2002.01092.x","article-title":"CD14+CD16+ monocytes in the course of sepsis in neonates and small children: monitoring and functional studies","volume":"55","author":"SkrzeczynTska","year":"2002","journal-title":"Scand. J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.16.12.1437","article-title":"Peripheral blood mononuclear phagocyte subpopulations as cellular markers in hypercholesterolemia","volume":"16","author":"Rothe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.05.004","article-title":"Association of monocyte subsets with vulnerability characteristics of coronary plaques as assessed by 64-slice multidetector computed tomography in patients with stable angina pectoris","volume":"212","author":"Kashiwagi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.04.021","article-title":"Impact of heterogeneity of human peripheral blood monocyte subsets on myocardial salvage in patients with primary acute myocardial infarction","volume":"54","author":"Tsujioka","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp308","article-title":"Monocyte heterogeneity in obesity and subclinical atherosclerosis","volume":"31","author":"Rogacev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2014.15","article-title":"Expansion and preferential activation of the CD14(+)CD16(+) monocyte subset during multiple sclerosis","volume":"92","author":"Chuluundorj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3037","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20070885","article-title":"The healing myocardium sequentially mobilizes two monocyte subsets with divergent and complementary functions","volume":"204","author":"Nahrendorf","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.12.001","article-title":"Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis","volume":"38","author":"Yona","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4410","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.7.4410","article-title":"Subpopulations of mouse blood monocytes differ in maturation stage and inflammatory response","volume":"172","author":"Sunderk\u00f6tter","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061011","article-title":"Monocytes give rise to mucosal, but not splenic, conventional dendritic cells","volume":"204","author":"Varol","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2638","article-title":"Origin of monocytes and macrophages in a committed progenitor","volume":"14","author":"Hettinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.05.001","article-title":"Monocyte trafficking in acute and chronic inflammation","volume":"32","author":"Ingersoll","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1142883","article-title":"Monitoring of blood vessels and tissues by a population of monocytes with patrolling behavior","volume":"317","author":"Auffray","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26016","article-title":"Monocyte subsets in human liver disease show distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics","volume":"57","author":"Liaskou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803206","article-title":"The opposite effects of acute and chronic alcohol on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation are linked to IRAK-M in human monocytes","volume":"183","author":"Mandrekar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22470","article-title":"The critical role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in alcoholic liver disease is independent of the common TLR adapter MyD88","volume":"48","author":"Hritz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8285","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0976-10.2010","article-title":"Pivotal role of TLR4 receptors in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation and brain damage","volume":"30","author":"Alfonso-Loeches","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01572.x","article-title":"Inhibiting the TLR4-MyD88 signalling cascade by genetic or pharmacological strategies reduces acute alcohol-induced sedation and motor impairment in mice","volume":"165","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B38","first-page":"503","article-title":"Tumor-necrosis-factor and interleukin-6 response of peripheral blood monocytes to low concentrations of lipopolysaccharide in patients with alcoholic liver disease","volume":"33","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Z. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840090302","article-title":"Increased tumor necrosis factor production by monocytes in alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"9","author":"McClain","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.065326","article-title":"Cross-regulation of cytokine signalling: pro-inflammatory cytokines restrict IL-6 signalling through receptor internalisation and degradation","volume":"123","author":"Radtke","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(96)00416-9","article-title":"Effect of chronic alcohol consumption by rats on tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 clearance in vivo and by the isolated, perfused liver","volume":"52","author":"Deaciuc","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01399.x","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of alcoholic liver disease: innate immunity and cytokines","volume":"35","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"2023011710425086200_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00402","article-title":"The intestinal microbiome and the leaky gut as therapeutic targets in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"3","author":"Hartmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Leukocyte Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/100\/5\/1191\/48716959\/jlb1191.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/100\/5\/1191\/48716959\/jlb1191.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T13:36:27Z","timestamp":1677504987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article\/100\/5\/1191\/6933179"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1189\/jlb.5a0216-060rr","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-5400","1938-3673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-5400","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-3673","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]]}}}