{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:24:05Z","timestamp":1790051045417,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]],"date-time":"2014-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chonbuk National University Hospital Research Institute of Clinical Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Abnormal regulation of ER stress and apoptosis has been implicated in autoimmune disorders. Particularly, ER stress-induced autophagy and the role of GRP78, or BiP in T lymphocyte survival and death in SLE are poorly understood. This study investigated the pathogenic roles of ER stress-induced autophagy and GRP78\/BiP in apoptosis of T lymphocytes. We compared spontaneous and induced autophagy and apoptosis of T lymphocytes in healthy donors and patients with SLE. The molecular mechanism of altered autophagy and apoptosis was investigated in T lymphocytes transfected with siRNA for beclin 1 and CHOP and T lymphocytes overexpressing GRP78. Decreased autophagy and increased apoptosis in response to TG-induced ER stress were observed in lupus T lymphocytes. GRP78 and ER stress-signaling molecules, such as PERK, p-eIF2\u03b1, IRE1, and ATF6 decreased, whereas CHOP levels increased in lupus T cells in response to TG. The levels antiapoptotic molecules, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL decreased, whereas the proapoptotic molecules, Bax and caspase 6, increased in lupus T cells. The TG-induced ER stress altered autophagy and apoptosis, which in turn, led to abnormal T cell homeostasis with increased apoptotic T cell death. We hypothesize that aberrant autophagy of T lymphocytes as a result of ER stress and decreased GRP78 expression is involved in the pathogenesis of SLE and might serve as important therapeutic targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.6a0214-097r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]],"date-time":"2014-12-17T05:42:54Z","timestamp":1418794974000},"page":"425-433","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["A pathogenic role for ER stress-induced autophagy and ER chaperone GRP78\/BiP in T lymphocyte systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Won-Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital , Jeonbuk , South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung-Soon","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital , Jeonbuk , South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Gyeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital , Jeonbuk , South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Gyul","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston, Rhode Island , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Hong","family":"Cheon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital , Jeonbuk , South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Jung","family":"Chae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Chonbuk National University Medical School , Jeonju, Jeonbuk , South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan-Hee","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital , Jeonbuk , South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023013012465914200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69S","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1993.26","article-title":"T- and B-cell abnormalities in systemic lupus","volume":"100","author":"Cohen","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. 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