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In mice, it acts as an atherogenic factor by protecting macrophages from the apoptotic effects of oxidized lipids. In humans, it is detected in atherosclerotic lesions, but no role related to atherosclerosis has been reported. This study aimed to investigate whether the role of hAIM extends beyond inhibiting oxidized lipid-induced apoptosis. To accomplish this goal, functional analysis with human monocytic THP1 cells and macrophages differentiated from peripheral blood monocytes were performed. It was found that hAIM reduced oxLDL-induced macrophage apoptosis and increased macrophage adhesion to endothelial ICAM-1 by enhancing LFA-1 expression. Furthermore, hAIM increased foam cell formation, as shown by Oil Red O and Nile Red staining, as well as quantification of cholesterol content. This was not a result of decreased reverse cholesterol transport, as hAIM did not affect the efflux significantly from [3H] Cholesterol-laden macrophages driven by plasma, apoA-I, or HDL2 acceptors. Rather, flow cytometry studies indicated that hAIM increased macrophage endocytosis of fluorescent oxLDL, which correlated with an increase in the expression of the oxLDLR CD36. Moreover, hAIM bound to oxLDL in ELISA and enhanced the capacity of HEK-293 cells expressing CD36 to endocytose oxLDL, as studied using immunofluorescence microscopy, suggesting that hAIM serves to facilitate CD36-mediated uptake of oxLDL. Our data represent the first evidence that hAIM is involved in macrophage survival, adhesion, and foam cell formation and suggest a significant contribution to atherosclerosis-related mechanisms in the macrophage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1212660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,3]],"date-time":"2013-12-03T04:57:25Z","timestamp":1386046645000},"page":"509-520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Human scavenger protein AIM increases foam cell formation and CD36-mediated oxLDL uptake"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Am\u00e9zaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Innate Immunity, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Sanjurjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innate Immunity, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Julve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas y Digestivas , Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques Sant Pau , Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Aran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innate Immunity, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Bego\u00f1a","family":"P\u00e9rez-Cabezas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation in Vesicles and Cells for Application in Therapy, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red, Digestivas , Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Bastos-Amador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation in Vesicles and Cells for Application in Therapy, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red, Digestivas , Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Armengol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Oncology Groups, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona, Spain"},{"name":"en el \u00c1rea tem\u00e1tica de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas , Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ramon","family":"Vilella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunobiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona , Spain"}]},{"given":"Joan Carles","family":"Escol\u00e0-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas y Digestivas , Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques Sant Pau , Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Blanco-Vaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas y Digestivas , Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques Sant Pau , Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Francesc E","family":"Borr\u00e0s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation in Vesicles and Cells for Application in Therapy, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red, Digestivas , Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Annabel F","family":"Valledor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Receptor Group, Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona , Spain"}]},{"given":"Maria-Rosa","family":"Sarrias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innate Immunity, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona, Spain"},{"name":"en el \u00c1rea tem\u00e1tica de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas , Barcelona, Spain"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023032709542664900_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.76.s2.06","article-title":"Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and arterial thrombosis: role of the scavenger receptor CD36","volume":"76","author":"Silverstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cleve. 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