{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:03:24Z","timestamp":1792530204707,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A self-organizing map (SOM) approach has been used to provide an integrated spatial analysis and classification of airborne geophysical data collected over the Brazilian Amazon. Magnetic and gamma ray spectrometric data were used to extract geophysical signatures related to the spatial distribution of rock types and to produce a geologic map over the prospective Anapu-Tuer\u00ea region. Particular emphasis was given to discriminating and identifying rock types, and the processes related to gold mineralization, which are known to occur in the Anapu-Tuer\u00ea region. SOM was able to identify and map distinctive geophysical signatures related to the various geologic units identified on the published geologic map. Furthermore, SOM was able to identify and enhance very subtle signatures derived jointly from the magnetic and gamma ray spectrometric data that could be related to geologic processes present in the area. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of using SOM as a tool for geophysical data analysis and for semiautomated mapping in regions such as the Amazon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2011-0302.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]],"date-time":"2012-06-19T18:10:12Z","timestamp":1340129412000},"page":"K17-K24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Semiautomated geologic mapping using self-organizing maps and airborne geophysics in the Brazilian Amazon"],"prefix":"10.1190","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Cleyton de Carvalho","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Campinas, Geosciences Institute 1 , Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Campinas, SP, . E-mail: cleyton@ige.unicamp.br ; alvaro@ige.unicamp.br .","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen James","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) 2 , Minerals Down Under Flagship, Kenmore, QLD, . E-mail: stephen.fraser@csiro.au .","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro Penteado","family":"Cr\u00f3sta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Campinas, Geosciences Institute 1 , Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Campinas, SP, . E-mail: cleyton@ige.unicamp.br ; alvaro@ige.unicamp.br .","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adalene Moreira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bras\u00edlia (UNB) 3 , Geoscience Institute, Laboratory of Applied Geophysics, Bras\u00edlia, DF, . E-mail: adalene@unb.br .","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Eduardo de Mesquita","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Paran\u00e1 (UFPR) 4 , Geology Department, Curitiba, PR, . E-mail: cadubarros@ufpr.br .","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"186","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121115264932100_r1","article-title":"A method of bivariate interpolation and smooth surface fitting for irregularly distributed data points","volume":"4","author":"Akima","year":"1978","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r2","article-title":"Algorithm 526: Bivariate interpolation and smooth surface fitting for irregularly distributed data points [E1]","volume":"4","author":"Akima","year":"1978","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.25249\/0375-7536.2007373293304","article-title":"Estruturas sinmagm\u00e1ticas e idade de zirc\u00e3o de granitos (evapora\u00e7\u00e3o de Pb) paleoproteroz\u00f3icos da parte leste do dom\u00ednio Bacaj\u00e1, Prov\u00edncia Maroni-Itacai\u00fanas","volume":"37","author":"Barros","year":"2007","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Geoci\u00eancias"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2009.02.007","article-title":"Mapping lithology of the Sarfartoq carbonatite complex, southern West Greenland, using HyMap imaging spectrometer data","volume":"113","author":"Bedini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Remote Sensing of Environment","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0034-4257","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/08120090701581406","article-title":"Advanced methodologies for the analysis of databases of mineral deposits and major faults","volume":"55","author":"Bierlein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Earth Sciences"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r6","volume-title":"Geographic information systems for geoscientists, computer methods in the geosciences","author":"Bonham-Carter","year":"1994"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1440410","article-title":"Machine contouring using minimum curvature","volume":"39","author":"Briggs","year":"1974","journal-title":"Geophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0016-8033","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-261X2002000300001","article-title":"Utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da classifica\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o-supervisionada na integra\u00e7\u00e3o e interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o de dados geof\u00edsicos em Cuba centro-oriental","volume":"20","author":"Cainzos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Geof\u00edsica"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r9","unstructured":"Carneiro\n              C. C.\n            \n          , 2010, Modelagem espacial de dados aerogeof\u00edsicos e interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o de imagens SAR aplicados ao mapeamento geol\u00f3gico e metalogen\u00e9tico da regi\u00e3o central do Dom\u00ednio Bacaj\u00e1, Estado do Par\u00e1: Ph.D. Thesis, Institute of Geosciences, University of Campinas."},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-261X2006000200009","article-title":"Fus\u00e3o de imagens altim\u00e9tricas e aeromagnetom\u00e9tricas como ferramenta de interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o geol\u00f3gica, exemplo da prov\u00edncia mineral de Caraj\u00e1s (PA)","volume":"24","author":"Carneiro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Geof\u00edsica"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r11","article-title":"Review of the self-organizing map (SOM) approach in water resources","volume":"24","author":"C\u00e9r\u00e9ghino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Commentary Environmental Modelling & Software"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r12","article-title":"Programa geologia do brasil (PGB): Projeto aerogeof\u00edsico Anapu-Tuer\u00ea. Relat\u00f3rio final do levantamento e processamento dos dados magnetom\u00e9tricos e gamaespectrom\u00e9tricos","year":"2004"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1979.4766909","article-title":"A cluster separation measure","volume":"PAMI-1","author":"Davies","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0162-8828","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r14","volume-title":"Transamazonian crustal growth and reworking as revealed by the 1:500,000-scale geological map of French Guiana","author":"Delor","year":"2003","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r15","article-title":"Levantamento geol\u00f3gico da regi\u00e3o ao norte da prov\u00edncia Caraj\u00e1s","volume":"4","author":"Faraco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es \u00e0 Geologia da Amaz\u00f4nia"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r16","article-title":"A new method for data integration and integrated data interpretation: Self-organising maps","author":"Fraser","year":"2007"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r17","article-title":"Data mining data \u2014 Ordered vector quantization and examples of its application to mine geotechnical data sets","volume-title":"6th International Mining Geology Conference","author":"Fraser","year":"2006"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160701442146","article-title":"An unsupervised method of classifying remotely sensed images using Kohonen self-organizing maps and agglomerative hierarchical clustering methods","volume":"29","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0143-1161","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r19","article-title":"Airborne radiometric data: A tool for reconnaissance geological mapping using a GIS","volume":"59","author":"Graham","year":"1993","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0099-1112","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r20","article-title":"Clustering of gamma ray spectrometer data using a computer image analysis system","volume-title":"Statistical application in the earth sciences","author":"Harris","year":"1989"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r21","article-title":"Gamma ray spectrometry in the environment","year":"1994"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r22","article-title":"Airborne gamma ray spectrometer surveying","year":"1991"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r23","article-title":"Guidelines for radioelement mapping using gamma ray spectrometry data","year":"2003"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r24","article-title":"Land-use classification of remotely sensed data using kohonen self organizing feature map neural networks","volume":"66","author":"Ji","year":"2000","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0099-1112","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r25","volume-title":"Folha Altamira (PA) SA.22-Y-D. Escala 1:250.000. Geologia regional, in Programa levantamentos geol\u00f3gicos b\u00e1sicos do Brasil","author":"Jorge Jo\u00e3o","year":"2001"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r26","article-title":"Gamma ray spectrometric methods in uranium exploration \u2014 Application and interpretation","volume-title":"Geophysics and geochemistry in the search for metallic ores","author":"Killeen","year":"1979"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00337288","article-title":"Self-organized formation of topologically correct feature maps","volume":"43","author":"Kohonen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Biological Cybernetics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0340-1200","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-56927-2","volume-title":"Self-organizing maps","author":"Kohonen","year":"2001"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-261X2010000300006","article-title":"Mapas auto-organiz\u00e1veis aplicados ao mapeamento do potencial mineral na regi\u00e3o de serra leste, prov\u00edncia mineral de Caraj\u00e1s, Par\u00e1","volume":"28","author":"Leite","year":"2010","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Geof\u00edsica"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025121115264932100_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.2184367","article-title":"Understanding 3D analytic signal amplitude","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0016-8033","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160903246725","article-title":"Commitment and typicality measures for the self-organizing map","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0143-1161","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r32","article-title":"Self-organizing ANNs for planetary surface composition research","author":"Mer\u00e9nyi","year":"1998"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/EG991591","article-title":"Simple micro-levelling for aeromagnetic data","volume":"22","author":"Minty","year":"1991","journal-title":"Exploration Geophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0812-3985","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1444492","article-title":"Multichannel models for the estimation of radon background in airborne gamma ray spectrometry","volume":"63","author":"Minty","year":"1998","journal-title":"Geophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0016-8033","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1440276","article-title":"The analytic signal of two-dimensional magnetic bodies with polygonal cross-section: Its properties and use for automated anomaly interpretation","volume":"37","author":"Naghibian","year":"1972","journal-title":"Geophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0016-8033","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2006.03.005","article-title":"Application of a self-organizing map to select representative species in multivariate analysis: A case study determining diatom distribution patterns across France","volume":"1","author":"Park","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecological Informatics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1574-9541","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.25249\/0375-7536.1990293298","article-title":"Statistical characterization of greenstone sequences using magnetic and gamma-ray spectrometric data, Guarinos-Pilar de Goi\u00e1s, Brazil","volume":"20","author":"Pires","year":"1990","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Geoci\u00eancias"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1442592","article-title":"Statistical analysis of airborne gamma-ray mapping purposes: Crix\u00e1s-Itapaci area, Brazil","volume":"54","author":"Pires","year":"1989","journal-title":"Geophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0016-8033","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r39","article-title":"The reanalyzed Caraj\u00e1s Block is interposed between the Bacaj\u00e1 (the crustal reworking \u201clost link\u201d now being predicted) and Rio Maria Archean Terranes \u2014 Guapor\u00e9 craton","author":"Ricci","year":"2003"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1443174","article-title":"Magnetic interpretation using the 3D analytic signal","volume":"57","author":"Roest","year":"1992","journal-title":"Geophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0016-8033","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r41","article-title":"Geotect\u00f4nica dos escudos das Guianas e Brasil Central","volume-title":"Geologia, tect\u00f4nica e recursos minerais do Brasil: Texto, mapas & SIG","author":"Santos","year":"2003"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r42","unstructured":"Silva\n              A. M\n            \n          , 1999, Integra\u00e7\u00e3o de dados geol\u00f3gicos e geof\u00edsicos utilizando-se uma nova t\u00e9cnica para sele\u00e7\u00e3o de alvos para explora\u00e7\u00e3o mineral, aplicada ao greenstone belt Rio das Velhas, quadril\u00e1tero ferr\u00edfero: Ph.D. thesis, Institute of Geosciences, University of Bras\u00edlia."},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r43","article-title":"A evolu\u00e7\u00e3o tect\u00f4nica do cr\u00e1ton amaz\u00f4nico","volume-title":"Geologia do continente Sul-Americano","author":"Tassinari","year":"2004"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139167932","volume-title":"Applied geophysics","author":"Telford","year":"1990"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r45","article-title":"U-matrix: A tool to visualize clusters in high dimensional data","author":"Ultsch","year":"1993"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r46","article-title":"Self-organising feature maps versus statistical clustering a benchmark","author":"Ultsch","year":"1994"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r47","article-title":"Granit\u00f3ides transamaz\u00f4nicos da regi\u00e3o Iriri-Xingu, estado do Par\u00e1: Novos dados geol\u00f3gicos e geocronol\u00f3gicos","volume-title":"Contribui\u00e7\u0131es \u00e0 geologia da Amaz\u00f4nia","author":"Vasquez","year":"2005"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r48","article-title":"Unidades litoestratigr\u00e1ficas","volume-title":"2008, geologia e recursos minerais do estado do Par\u00e1: Sistema de infoma\u00e7\u00f5es geogr\u00e1ficas \u2014 SIG: Texto explicativo dos mapas geol\u00f3gico e tect\u00f4nico e de recursos minerais do estado do Par\u00e1. Scale 1:1.000.000","author":"Vasquez","year":"2008"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r49","article-title":"SOM toolbox for Matlab 5","author":"Vesanto","year":"2000"},{"key":"2025121115264932100_r50","volume-title":"Remote sensing and GIS integration: Theories, methods, and applications","author":"Weng","year":"2010"}],"container-title":["Geophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/seg\/geophysics\/article-pdf\/77\/4\/K17\/3227779\/geo2011-0302.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/seg\/geophysics\/article-pdf\/77\/4\/K17\/3227779\/geo2011-0302.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T20:26:56Z","timestamp":1765484816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/geophysics\/article\/77\/4\/K17\/308424\/Semiautomated-geologic-mapping-using-self"},"secondary":[{"URL":"http:\/\/geophysics.geoscienceworld.org\/cgi\/doi\/10.1190\/geo2011-0302.1","label":"geoscienceworld"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/geo2011-0302.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-2156","0016-8033"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-2156","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0016-8033","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]]}}}