none 10.1190/1.3694902 Society of Exploration Geophysicists Society of Exploration Geophysicists 186 54332455 5980 2025120814273285100 10.1190 2025-12-08T19:27:37Z 2012-03-08T19:12:01Z 22 The Leading Edge 1070-485X 03 2012 03 01 2012 03 08 2012 31 3 Erik Westman Virginia Polytechnic Institute 1 K. Luxbacher Virginia Polytechnic Institute 1 S. Schafrik Virginia Polytechnic Institute 1 Progression of an immature block cave in proximity to a mature sublevel cave was monitored over an 18-month period using double-difference tomography. This method utilizes existing microseismic data to generate time-lapse images of seismic wave velocity changes within the rock mass. The velocity changes are caused by damage zones forming or local high-stress concentrations. In this study, images were generated on monthly intervals. An average of 2000 microseismic events recorded by 25 stations were used to generate each image. Results showed a development of the initial undercut followed by the growing cave and interaction with the adjacent sublevel cave. The goal of the research is to provide a tool that can augment both numerical modeling results and underground geotechnical measurements to allow the mine operator to produce in the safest and most efficient manner possible. 03 2012 03 01 2012 03 08 2012 338 345 10.1190/1.3694902 https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/tle/article/31/3/338/136147/Passive-seismic-tomography-for-three-dimensional https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/seg/tle/article-pdf/31/3/338/7432068/1.3694902.pdf https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/seg/tle/article-pdf/31/3/338/7432068/1.3694902.pdf https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/tle/article/31/3/338/136147/passive-seismic-tomography-for-three-dimensional http://tle.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/doi/10.1190/1.3694902 10.1109/PROC.1979.11390 Dines, K. A. and J. R.Lytle, 1979, Computerized geophysical tomography: Proceedings of the IEEE, 67, no. 7, 1065–1073, http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1979.11390. 10.3133/ofr94431 Evans, J. R., D.Eberhart-Phillips, and C. H.Thurber, 1994, User's manual for SIMULPS12 for imaging Vp and Vp/Vs: A derivative of the Thurber tomographic inversion SIMUL3 for local earthquakes and explosions: USGS Open File Report 94–431. Underground Mining Methods: Society for Mining Metallurgy & Exploration Hamrin 3 2001 Underground mining methods and applications International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences Hazzard 41 8 1365 2004 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.09.005 Dynamic modeling of induced seismicity Hudson 3 2003 Strategy and tactics for rock stress estimation International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences Luxbacher 45 4 478 2008 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.07.015 Three-dimensional time lapse tomography of an underground longwall panel Zhang 1875 2003 Double-difference tomography: the method and its application to the Hayward Fault, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America