{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:52:57Z","timestamp":1790520777379,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,1]],"date-time":"2002-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1036108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objective: To determine whether the Alexander Technique, alongside normal treatment, is of benefit to people disabled by idiopathic Parkinson's disease. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Design: A randomized controlled trial with three groups, one receiving lessons in the Alexander Technique, another receiving massage and one with no additional intervention. Measures were taken pre and post-intervention, and at follow-up, six months later. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Setting: The Polyclinic at the University of Westminster, Central London. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Subjects: Ninety-three people with clinically confirmed idiopathic Parkinson's disease. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Interventions: The Alexander Technique group received 24 lessons in the Alexander Technique and the massage group received 24 sessions of massage. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Main outcome measures: The main outcome measures were the Self-assessment Parkinson's Disease Disability Scale (SPDDS) at best and at worst times of day. Secondary measures included the Beck Depression Inventory and an Attitudes to Self Scale. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results: The Alexander Technique group improved compared with the no additional intervention group, pre-intervention to post-intervention, both on the SPDDS at best, p = 0.04 (confidence interval (CI) \u20136.4 to 0.0) and on the SPDDS at worst, p = 0.01 (CI \u201311.5 to \u20131.8). The comparative improvement was maintained at six-month follow-up: on the SPDDS at best, p = 0.04 (CI \u20137.7 to 0.0) and on the SPDDS at worst, p = 0.01 (CI \u201311.8 to \u20130.9). The Alexander Technique group was comparatively less depressed post-intervention, p = 0.03 (CI \u20133.8 to 0.0) on the Beck Depression Inventory, and at six-month follow-up had improved on the Attitudes to Self Scale, p = 0.04 (CI \u201313.9 to 0.0). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions: There is evidence that lessons in the Alexander Technique are likely to lead to sustained benefit for people with Parkinson's disease. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215502cr544oa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,14]],"date-time":"2002-10-14T22:55:27Z","timestamp":1034636127000},"page":"695-708","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Randomized controlled trial of the Alexander Technique for idiopathic Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Stallibrass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Medicine, University of Westminster, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Sissons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peta Sissons Consultancy, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Chalmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, LSE, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026921559701100103"},{"key":"atypb2","first-page":"9","volume-title":"The comprehensive management of Parkinson's disease","author":"Pfeiffer RF","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb3","unstructured":"Pearce JMS. The BMA family doctor guide to Parkinson's disease. London: Dorling Kindersley, 1999: 48-48."},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Parkinson's disease, the treatment options","author":"Metman LV","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.37.9.1539"},{"key":"atypb6","unstructured":"Alexander FM. The use of the self. London: Victor Gollancz, 1985: 21\u201349."},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.2.486"},{"key":"atypb8","unstructured":"Pocock SJ. Clinical trials: a practical approach. Chichester: John Wiley, 1983: 123\u2013133."},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Practical statistics for medical research","author":"Altman DG","year":"1991"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700001872"},{"key":"atypb11","unstructured":"Evans SJW, Day SJ, Royston P. Randomising patients into clinical trials by the minimisation method. MINIM version 1.55\/28-3-90, Document 5\/10\/90. Unpublished. Evans S, London Hospital Medical College, 1990."},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"Practising poise with the Alexander Technique","author":"Stenning M","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520450025014"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/026921501667641185"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000395074"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/1990\/764203"},{"key":"atypb17","unstructured":"Coggon D. Statistics in clinical practice. London: BMJ Publishing Group, 1995: 70-70."},{"key":"atypb18","first-page":"20","volume-title":"American College of Physicians","author":"Lang TA","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"Qualitative research in health care","author":"Pope C","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb20","unstructured":"Bailey DM. Research for the health professional: a practical guide. Philadelphia: FA Davis, 1991: 177\u2013178."},{"key":"atypb21","volume-title":"The Times","author":"Stuttaford T","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7280.226"}],"container-title":["Clinical Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1191\/0269215502cr544oa","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1191\/0269215502cr544oa","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T14:23:30Z","timestamp":1740839010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1191\/0269215502cr544oa"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1191\/0269215502cr544oa"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/0269215502cr544oa","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-2155","1477-0873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2155","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0873","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]}}}