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In clinical practice, the gold standard tests are                 those that detect anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and\/or the lupus anticoagulant                 (LA). Although other specificities for aPL have been described their clinical                 utility and standardization has still to be established. Persistence of aPL positive                 tests must be demonstrated, and other causes and underlying factors considered.                 Although it is universally recognized that the routine screening tests (aCL and\/or                 LA) might miss some cases, careful differential diagnosis and repeat testing are                 mandatory before the diagnosis of \u2018seronegative APS\u2019 can be                 made. Correct identification of patients with APS is important, because prophylactic                 anticoagulant therapy can prevent thrombosis from recurring, and treatment of                 affected women during pregnancy can improve fetal and maternal outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203306lu2293rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,19]],"date-time":"2006-03-19T16:22:59Z","timestamp":1142785379000},"page":"172-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Laboratory diagnosis and management challenges in the antiphospholipid syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"M L","family":"Bertolaccini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, King\u2019s College London                         School of Medicine at Guy\u2019s, King\u2019s and St                         Thomas\u2019 Hospitals, St Thomas\u2019 Hospital, London, UK,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M A","family":"Khamashta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, King\u2019s College London                         School of Medicine at Guy\u2019s, King\u2019s and St                         Thomas\u2019 Hospitals, St Thomas\u2019 Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.287.6399.1088"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199907)42:7<1309::AID-ANR1>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1142018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-48-13365P"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-37-3-559"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"621","article-title":"A hemorrhagic disorder caused by circulating anticoagulant in patients with                         disseminated lupus erythematosus","volume":"31","author":"Conley CL","year":"1952","unstructured":"Conley CL , Hartmann RC. 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