{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T05:33:51Z","timestamp":1740720831926,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,1]],"date-time":"2004-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1083369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Diagnosing the \u2018primary progressive\u2019 form of multiple sclerosis (PPMS) requires assurance that other conditions that might cause a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative central nervous system (CNS) disease have been ruled out. Both imaging and pathological studies have shown that this form of MS tends to be less inflammatory compared with either the relapsing-remitting or secondary progressive types. There are therefore many conditions that cause a slowly progressive wasting of the C NS that might be confused with MS. The new MS diagnostic scheme has made the presence of \u2018typical\u2019 MS abnormalities in the cerebrospinal fluid (C SF) a mandatory first criterion, but there may well be individuals that still have PPMS even in the absence of a typical MS C SF. Here we explore what the C SF can tell about an individual\u2019s disease process and outline the current state of the art in terms of C SF analysis. Used properly, the C SF can be very helpful in clarifying a diagnosis of PPMS. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458504ms1028oa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,19]],"date-time":"2004-05-19T23:07:17Z","timestamp":1085008037000},"page":"S31-S35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Primary progressive multiple sclerosis: cerebrospinal fluid considerations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mark S","family":"Freedman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Ottawa, The Ottawa\r                        Hospital-General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, mfreedman@ottawahospital.on.ca"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1032"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200006)47:6<831::AID-ANA21>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130302"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1965.tb20235.x"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"324","volume":"39","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(97)00023-9"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00862971","volume":"239","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.5.726"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.60.1.27"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/113.5.1269"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1191\/1352458504ms1028oa","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1191\/1352458504ms1028oa","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T18:21:35Z","timestamp":1740680495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1191\/1352458504ms1028oa"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3_suppl","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1191\/1352458504ms1028oa"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/1352458504ms1028oa","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1352-4585"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1477-0970"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]}}}