{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T08:35:05Z","timestamp":1778834105689,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]],"date-time":"2006-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This study reviewed the clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Taiwanese patients from 1993 to 2001. Of the 75 MS patients with a mean age of onset of 35.6\u00b112.6 years, the female-to-male ratio was 4.4 (61\/14). In 42 (56%) optico-spinal MS (OS-MS) patients, the age of onset (37.6\u00b111.1 years) tended to be older than conventional MS (C-MS) patients (33.1\u00b114.1 years, P = 0.08). In 60 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens, raised IgG index (&gt;0.7) and oligoclonal bands were noted in 26 (43.3%) and two (3.3%) cases, respectively. The frequency of raised IgG index was lower in OSMS (31.3%) than in C-MS (57.1%, P = 0.07). The CSF total protein concentrations were significantly higher in OS-MS (64.5 mg\/dL) than in C-MS (46.6 mg\/dL, P = 0.047). The mean annual relapse rate was 54.1%, and was significantly higher within the first year (59.7%, P&lt;0.001). The mean annual relapse rate in OS-MS (62.7%) was significantly higher than in C-MS (41.2%, P = 0.01). The differences in the annual relapse rate and total protein concentration in CSF between OS-MS and C-MS suggest probably two distinct immunopathogenesis. The higher first year relapse rate of MS patients in Taiwan may address the importance of early intervention with immunomodulatory therapy. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458506ms1297oa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,22]],"date-time":"2006-06-22T23:52:26Z","timestamp":1151020346000},"page":"501-506","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis in Taiwan: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"K H","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung                         Memorial Hospital and University, Taipei, Taiwan 10591"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R K","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung                         Memorial Hospital and University, Taipei, Taiwan 10591"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C M","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung                         Memorial Hospital and University, Taipei, Taiwan 10591"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W C","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung                         Memorial Hospital and University, Taipei, Taiwan 10591"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y R","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung                         Memorial Hospital and University, Taipei, Taiwan 10591"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S T","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, En Chu Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 237"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L S","family":"Ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung                         Memorial Hospital and University, Taipei, Taiwan 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