{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]],"date-time":"2024-06-23T05:16:15Z","timestamp":1719119775570},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545264000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BJPsych Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Humans have always used mind-altering drugs. However, in 1961 the United Nations approved the Single Convention, under which the production, sale or possession of a number of drugs, including heroin, cocaine, ecstasy and cannabis, became illegal. The prohibitionist regime was then introduced by most countries around the world and has substantially remained in place ever since. Some countries, particularly those in Latin America, have never criminalised the use of cannabis. A small number of countries have introduced more liberal policies. This article examines the evidence of the consequences of policy liberalisation and argues that there is now a clear case for every country to examine its drug policies and to introduce evidence-based policies with a public health focus.<\/jats:p><jats:sec id=\"S2056469418000980_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Declaration of interest<\/jats:title><jats:p>None.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjb.2018.98","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T07:31:21Z","timestamp":1545291081000},"page":"85-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Against the stream: drugs policy needs to be turned on its head"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Baroness Molly","family":"Meacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref16","unstructured":"Durham Police Crime and Victims' Commissioner. Towards a Safer Drugs Policy. Office of the Durham Police, 2017."},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02741.x"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.10.004"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.03.032"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2018.05.010"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143562"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000253"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref5","unstructured":"Global Commission on Drug Policy. Report of the Global Commission on Drugs Policy: War on Drugs. Global Commission on Drug Policy, 2011."},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60464-4"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref1","unstructured":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. The International Drug Control Conventions. UNODC, 2013 (https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/documents\/commissions\/CND\/Int_Drug_Control_Conventions\/Ebook\/The_International_Drug_Control_Conventions_E.pdf)."},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.08.001"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)00117-5"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2011.00383.x","article-title":"A resounding success or a disastrous failure: re-examining the interpretation of evidence on the Portuguese decriminalisation of illicit drugs","volume":"31","author":"Stevens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1093\/bjc\/azq038","article-title":"What can we learn from the Portuguese decriminalization of illicit drugs?","volume":"50","author":"Stevens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Criminol"},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref3","unstructured":"Royal College of Psychiatrists. Drugs: Dilemmas and Choices. Report of a Working Party of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, Gaskell Press, 2000."},{"key":"S2056469418000980_ref4","unstructured":"All-Party Parliamentary Group for Drug Policy Reform. Guidance on Drug Policy: Interpreting the UN Conventions. APPG for Drug Policy Reform, 2015."}],"container-title":["BJPsych Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056469418000980","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T00:18:28Z","timestamp":1555028308000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056469418000980\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056469418000980"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjb.2018.98","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4694","2056-4708"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4694","type":"print"},{"value":"2056-4708","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]}}}