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In this article, the evolving terminology around transgender health is considered and the role of psychiatry is explored now that this condition is no longer classified as a mental illness. The concept of conversion therapy with reference to alternative gender identities is examined critically and with reference to psychiatry's historical relationship with conversion therapy for homosexuality. The authors consider the uncertainties that clinicians face when dealing with something that is no longer a disorder nor a mental condition and yet for which medical interventions are frequently sought and in which mental health comorbidities are common.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjb.2020.73","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T07:01:47Z","timestamp":1595314907000},"page":"291-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Sex, gender and gender identity: a re-evaluation of the evidence"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4018-306X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy","family":"Griffin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0405-9176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie","family":"Clyde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Byng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Bewley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2016.1258352"},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2018.1468292"},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref15","unstructured":"15 Drescher, J , Pula, J . Expert Q & A: Gender Dysphoria. American Psychiatric Association, 2020 (https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/gender-dysphoria\/expert-q-and-a)."},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref41","volume-title":"Tavistock and Portman Foundation NHS Trust, Board of Directors Part One: Agenda and Papers","year":"2015"},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022425"},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-315881"},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01925"},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e31818956b9"},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref54","unstructured":"54 General Medical Council. Trans Healthcare. GMC, 2019 (https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/ethical-guidance\/ethical-hub\/trans-healthcare [cited 3 Nov 2019])."},{"key":"S205646942000073X_ref58","unstructured":"58 NHS England. 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