{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T03:37:14Z","timestamp":1787283434019,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683763200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S205646942300030X_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims and method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify the clinical characteristics of patients receiving nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding under physical restraint. Clinicians participated via professional networks and subsequent telephone contact. In addition to completing a survey, participants were invited to submit up to ten case studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S205646942300030X_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The survey response rate from in-patient units was 100% and 143 case studies were submitted. An estimated 622 patients received NGT feeding under restraint in England in 2020\u20132021. The most common diagnosis was anorexia nervosa (68.5\u201375.7%), with depression, anxiety and autism spectrum disorder the most frequent comorbidities. Patients receiving the intervention ranged from 11 to 60 years in age (mean 19.02 years). There was wide variation in duration of use, from once to daily for 312 weeks (mode 1 week; mean 29.1 weeks, s.d. = 50.8 weeks).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S205646942300030X_sec_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NGT feeding under restraint is not uncommon in England, with variation in implementation. Further research is needed to understand how the high comorbidity and complexity contribute to initiation and termination of the intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjb.2023.30","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T03:57:51Z","timestamp":1683777471000},"page":"322-327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Nasogastric tube feeding under physical restraint: comprehensive audit and case series across in-patient mental health units in England"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2863-158X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Fuller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacinta","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huw","family":"De Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7257-6605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dasha","family":"Nicholls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-022-05517-y"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.1040"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.03.003"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref19","first-page":"81","article-title":"Gender identity and autism spectrum disorders","volume":"88","author":"Schalkwyw","year":"2015","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-008-0706-8"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjb.2022.11"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23366"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12765"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2017.0043"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12731"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref12","first-page":"245","article-title":"How to identify information bias due to self-reporting in epidemiological research","volume":"7","author":"Fadnes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Internet J Epidemiol"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2018.0097"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12758"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.114271"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref11","volume-title":"Medical Emergencies in Eating Disorders: Guidance on Recognition and Management (College Report CR233) (Updated March 2023)","year":"2022"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/19382359-20210820-01"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref8","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases (11th Revision)","year":"2019"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-021-01245-9"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref1","volume-title":"Eating Disorders; Recognition and Treatment (NICE Guideline NG69)","year":"2017"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/trm0000064"},{"key":"S205646942300030X_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607103027004268"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S205646942300030X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T21:33:56Z","timestamp":1702589636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S205646942300030X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S205646942300030X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjb.2023.30","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4694","2056-4708"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4694","type":"print"},{"value":"2056-4708","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}