{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:14:20Z","timestamp":1785420860743,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych Bull"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056469426102186_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims and method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) is a relational, time-limited psychotherapy primarily evidenced to support adults with emotional and relational difficulties. The extent of evidence for CAT in younger populations is not known. This paper aimed to collate all published articles describing CAT with under-18-year-olds and establish feasibility and effectiveness of CAT in this population. An initial systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases, with a second search using key terms and author names in the Association for Cognitive Analytic Therapy website bibliography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056469426102186_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-seven articles were found to meet the inclusion criteria, 11 of which contained quantitative studies. Articles described CAT as individual therapy for young people or their parents, group therapy and consultation frameworks for staff and parents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056469426102186_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The limited evidence published on CAT in under-18-year-olds suggests that it is feasible and accessible. Further randomised controlled studies and publication of practice-based outcomes are required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjb.2026.10218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:34:30Z","timestamp":1777973670000},"page":"1-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cognitive analytic therapy in child and adolescent mental health services: systematic scoping review of evidence"],"prefix":"10.1192","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8869-6721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Salter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0379k6g72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0379k6g72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Reakes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Ankrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Somerset NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12305"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7893.2011.00306.x"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670902817711"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref8","volume-title":"Working Relationally with Young People: A Cognitive Analytic Approach to Connecting One to One, with Families and across Communities","author":"Crothers","year":"2023"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.048934"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref30","first-page":"20","article-title":"A CAT informed approach to a time-limited (closed) group within an adolescent inpatient setting","volume":"2015","author":"Mulhall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref39","first-page":"28","article-title":"Clarifying an ethical dilemma with CAT in work with children and adolescents","volume":"2013","author":"Bernardy-Arbuz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12020"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12286"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref41","first-page":"3","article-title":"CAT with teenagers and teenagers leaving care","volume":"2006","author":"Jenaway","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022167817722230"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref42","first-page":"13","article-title":"K.I.S.S. (keep it simple. stupid) \u2013 reflections on using CAT with adolescents and a couple of case examples","volume":"2009","author":"Jenaway","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2022.102187"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.bp.107.018473","article-title":"Therapeutic assessment based on cognitive analytic therapy for young people presenting with self-harm: pilot study","volume":"32","author":"Ougrin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatr Bull"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref43","first-page":"48","article-title":"An alternative psychotherapy file","volume":"2017","author":"Jenaway","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref48","first-page":"12","article-title":"Using cognitive analytic therapy with parents: some theory and a case report","volume":"2007","author":"Jenaway","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref26","first-page":"30","article-title":"Reaching out \u2013 a journey within and alongside CAT","volume":"2015","author":"Barnes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref37","first-page":"11","article-title":"Learning with young people about being \u2018in the middle\u2019","volume":"2016","author":"Barnes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2976"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref29","first-page":"43","article-title":"You\u2019re driving me insane: literature, lyrics and drama through CAT eyes for clients and students","volume":"2007","author":"Elia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/apt.bp.113.011817"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref38","first-page":"130","article-title":"A relational approach to young people\u2019s mental health","volume":"1","author":"Barnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Anal Ther Relation Ment Health"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref50","first-page":"38","article-title":"Formulation during the child assessment process","volume":"2014","author":"Tikkanen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9040076"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/147608305X58355"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref27","first-page":"31","article-title":"Service innovation","volume":"2008","author":"Jenaway","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref33","first-page":"22","article-title":"CAT and the \u201cincredible years\u201d programme: towards a CAT parenting guidance framework","volume":"2017","author":"Bernardy-Arbuz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref34","first-page":"23","article-title":"From relational mapping to being relational","volume":"2020","author":"Potter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/147608309X481036"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a1655"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref3","volume-title":"Mind in Society: Development of Higher Psychological Processes","author":"Vygotsky","year":"1978"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref9","unstructured":"9 Association of Cognitive Analytic Therapy. Reformulation \u2013 the Newsletter for ACAT. ACAT (https:\/\/www.acat.org.uk\/resources\/reformulation-acats-in-house-publication [accessed 30 Nov 2025])."},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000351876.51098.f0"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref35","first-page":"133","article-title":"The development and evaluation of \u2018map and talk\u2019 reflective practice groups with ward-based staff in an acute adolescent psychiatric inpatient setting","volume":"4","author":"Mulhall","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Anal Ther Relation Ment Health"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470713587"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12557"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000185"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.3637"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref49","first-page":"32","article-title":"Change your parenting for the better \u2013 exploring CAT as a parenting intervention","volume":"2013","author":"Jenaway","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12097"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref15","article-title":"A brief survey of perceptions of cognitive analytic therapy within local mental health systems","volume":"26","author":"Turley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref32","first-page":"37","article-title":"Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) and (open) groups with adolescents within an inpatient psychiatric setting: initial thoughts and experiences","volume":"2013","author":"Mulhall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.3.438"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref36","first-page":"40","article-title":"A relational model of consultation for relational trauma a cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) informed model of secondary consultation to services that help young people in out of home care","volume":"5","author":"Crothers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Anal Ther Relation Ment Health"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref44","first-page":"34","article-title":"Thoughts and experiences of the application of cognitive analytic therapy to clinical work with adolescents","volume":"2010","author":"Mulhall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref10","unstructured":"10 Centre for Evidence Based Medicine. Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine: Levels of Evidence (March 2009). University of Oxford, 2009\u00a0(https:\/\/www.cebm.ox.ac.uk\/resources\/levels-of-evidence\/oxford-centre-for-evidence-based-medicine-levels-of-evidence-march-2009 [accessed 22 Nov 2023])."},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref45","first-page":"15","article-title":"Innovations in writing","volume":"2019","author":"Potter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref47","first-page":"98","article-title":"If I work with the mother, will the child get better?","volume":"1","author":"Bernardy-Arbuz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Anal Ther Relation Ment Health"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12292"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref31","first-page":"7","article-title":"It\u2019s all about relationships","volume":"2016","author":"Barnes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12430"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref40","first-page":"114","article-title":"The application of CAT within a school system; reflections on a six-session intervention with a young person presenting with disruptive behaviour","volume":"1","author":"Bonfield","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Anal Ther Relation Ment Health"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2019.01.010"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref46","first-page":"6","article-title":"\u2018Playing\u2019 with CAT \u2013 using a CAT informed approach with young children and their families","volume":"2016","author":"Varela","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reformulation"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref22","first-page":"50","article-title":"Relational patterns in adolescents with and without emotional dysregulation and their parents from a CAT perspective","volume":"2","author":"Russell-Carroll","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Anal Ther Relation Ment Health"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref20","first-page":"51","article-title":"A CAT-based early intervention for borderline personality disorder: a pilot study","volume":"3","author":"Hessels","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cogn Anal Ther Relation Ment Health"},{"key":"S2056469426102186_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1992.tb01701.x"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056469426102186","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:34:37Z","timestamp":1777973677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056469426102186\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S2056469426102186"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjb.2026.10218","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4694","2056-4708"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4694","type":"print"},{"value":"2056-4708","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 Crown Copyright - Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust, Crown Copyright - Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, and Crown Copyright - Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}