{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T21:07:40Z","timestamp":1789074460979,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak embedded within the war in Syria. A web-based cross-sectional survey design was employed. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale revealed a high prevalence of depressive (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 3326; 83.4%) and anxiety symptoms (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 2777; 69.6%) among the 3989 participants. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with depression and anxiety. There is an urgent need within the healthcare system in Syria to provide mental healthcare to alleviate acute mental health disturbances and associated physical health perceptions among Syrians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1192\/bji.2021.16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T12:24:08Z","timestamp":1620735848000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Psychological health problems among Syrians during war and the COVID-19 pandemic: national survey"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3472-6099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatema","family":"Mohsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Batoul","family":"Bakkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Melhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samar","family":"Aldakkak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Mchantaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marah","family":"Marrawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youssef","family":"Latifeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/hpr.2015.2123"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-020-00589-w"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318160d093"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/S1749367600002095"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.03.030"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref9","volume-title":"Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates","year":"2017"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/S1749367600003854"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdz097"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-03002-3"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref13","volume-title":"Syrian Crisis: After a Decade of Conflict, Children Continue to Pay the Heaviest Price","year":"2021"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.150205"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/gmh.2016.4"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.04.006"},{"key":"S2056474021000167_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1816383119000080"}],"container-title":["BJPsych International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056474021000167","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T08:38:02Z","timestamp":1627288682000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056474021000167\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056474021000167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bji.2021.16","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4740","2058-6264"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4740","type":"print"},{"value":"2058-6264","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"E8"}}