{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T16:23:48Z","timestamp":1773073428909,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608595200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"\n\t Background<\/jats:title>\n\t The characteristics of patients who have repeated compulsory psychiatric admissions are largely unknown.<\/jats:p>\n\t <\/jats:sec>\n\t \n\t Aims<\/jats:title>\n\t To investigate the frequency and risk factors for repeated emergency compulsory psychiatric admission (ECPA); and to identify targets for interventions to reduce repeated ECPA.<\/jats:p>\n\t <\/jats:sec>\n\t \n\t Method<\/jats:title>\n\t Data were collected from a database of electronic patient files (EPFs) held by three psychiatric emergency services (PES) in the Netherlands. Analyses were based on the data for adult patients (aged 18\u201375 years) with a first PES contact in 2010\u20132015. Using descriptive statistics and regression analysis, we studied the associations between baseline patient factors and repeated ECPA and time to readmission, within a 2-year follow-up period.<\/jats:p>\n\t <\/jats:sec>\n\t \n\t Results<\/jats:title>\n\t We included 6059 patients: 15.6% had two or more ECPAs. In total, 66% of second ECPAs had occurred within 6 months of the first. About 30% of all ECPAs were repeated ECPAs. Two baseline factors were associated with a higher frequency of a second ECPA: history of receiving any mental healthcare treatment, whether in-patient or out-patient or both, and a lower level of self-care. Three were associated with a lower frequency: ethnicity (other than Dutch), older age and suicidality. Lower Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores and housing problems were associated with a shorter time to compulsory readmission and persistent psychiatric problems with a longer time to compulsory readmission.<\/jats:p>\n\t <\/jats:sec>\n\t \n\t Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t We found that 15.6% of patients had two or more ECPAs. Two-thirds of the second ECPAs had occurred within 6 months of the first. Like earlier studies, the risk factors we identified suggest that interventions to reduce the risk of repeated compulsory psychiatric admission should seek to improve self-care, general daily functioning and homelessness.<\/jats:p>\n\t <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T07:20:46Z","timestamp":1608621646000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Risk factors for repeated emergency compulsory psychiatric admissions"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9719-5697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark H.","family":"de Jong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 I.","family":"Wierdsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Zoeteman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina A.","family":"van Boeijen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur R.","family":"Van Gool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelis L.","family":"Mulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471722146"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000540"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30027-6"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674378603100306"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466502760387533"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207411.2016.1156942"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00120"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.56.9.1123"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13651501.2017.1324037"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30406-7"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-018-1606-y"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610295002158"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3181fe726b"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.177.2.149"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref15","first-page":"427","article-title":"Consensus regarding the definition of persons with severe mental illness and the number of such persons in the Netherlands [in Dutch]","volume":"55","author":"Delespaul","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tijdschr Psychiatr"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-007-9089-4"},{"key":"S2056472420001532_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01369.x","article-title":"The new revolving-door patients: results from a national cohort of first admissions","volume":"82","author":"Lewis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056472420001532","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T07:20:49Z","timestamp":1608621649000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056472420001532\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056472420001532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2020.153","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e19"}}