{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:32:17Z","timestamp":1772166737314,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633564800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01EW1904, 01EW1810, 01ZX1614G (to MR)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EW1904, 01EW1810, 01ZX1614G (to MR)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01ZX1614A (to MMN)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1614A (to MMN)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01ZX1614K (to TGS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1614K (to TGS)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC 2151 \u2013 390873048 (to MMN)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC 2151 \u2013 390873048 (to MMN)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FA241\/16\u20101 (to PF)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FA241\/16\u20101 (to PF)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCHU1603\/4\u20101, 1603\/5-1, 1603\/7-1 (to TGS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCHU1603\/4\u20101, 1603\/5-1, 1603\/7-1 (to TGS)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCHU2419\/2-1 (to ECS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCHU2419\/2-1 (to ECS)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["223273, 283798, 248980 (to OAA)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["223273, 283798, 248980 (to OAA)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472421010309_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, with its impact on our way of life, is affecting our experiences and mental health. Notably, individuals with mental disorders have been reported to have a higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2. Personality traits could represent an important determinant of preventative health behaviour and, therefore, the risk of contracting the virus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472421010309_sec_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined overlapping genetic underpinnings between major psychiatric disorders, personality traits and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472421010309_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Linkage disequilibrium score regression was used to explore the genetic correlations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) susceptibility with psychiatric disorders and personality traits based on data from the largest available respective genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In two cohorts (the PsyCourse (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1346) and the HeiDE (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3266) study), polygenic risk scores were used to analyse if a genetic association between, psychiatric disorders, personality traits and COVID-19 susceptibility exists in individual-level data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472421010309_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We observed no significant genetic correlations of COVID-19 susceptibility with psychiatric disorders. For personality traits, there was a significant genetic correlation for COVID-19 susceptibility with extraversion (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.47 \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n                      ; genetic correlation 0.284). Yet, this was not reflected in individual-level data from the PsyCourse and HeiDE studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472421010309_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified no significant correlation between genetic risk factors for severe psychiatric disorders and genetic risk for COVID-19 susceptibility. Among the personality traits, extraversion showed evidence for a positive genetic association with COVID-19 susceptibility, in one but not in another setting. Overall, these findings highlight a complex contribution of genetic and non-genetic components in the interaction between COVID-19 susceptibility and personality traits or mental disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2021.1030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T04:03:31Z","timestamp":1633579411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Interplay between the genetics of personality traits, severe psychiatric disorders and COVID-19 host genetics in the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Urs","family":"Heilbronner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Streit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Vogl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Senner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina K.","family":"Schaupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Reich-Erkelenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergi","family":"Papiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Oraki Kohshour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farahnaz","family":"Kl\u00f6hn-Saghatolislam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0930-4214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janos L.","family":"Kalman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Heilbronner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8629-0579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrin","family":"Gade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley L.","family":"Comes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Budde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2917-5889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Till F. 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