{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T22:28:16Z","timestamp":1762900096185,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]],"date-time":"2021-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616630400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S205647242100034X_sec_a1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Although no drugs are licensed for the treatment of personality disorder, pharmacological treatment in clinical practice remains common.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S205647242100034X_sec_a2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychotropic drug use and associations with psychological service use among people with personality disorder.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S205647242100034X_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n\t    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Using data from a large, anonymised mental healthcare database, we identified all adult patients with a diagnosis of personality disorder and ascertained psychotropic medication use between 1 August 2015 and 1 February 2016. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed, adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical and service use factors, to examine the association between psychological services use and psychotropic medication prescribing.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S205647242100034X_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Of 3366 identified patients, 2029 (60.3%) were prescribed some form of psychotropic medication. Patients using psychological services were significantly less likely to be prescribed psychotropic medication (adjusted odds ratio 0.48, 95% CI 0.39\u20130.59, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001) such as antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and antidepressants. This effect was maintained following several sensitivity analyses. We found no difference in the risk for mood stabiliser (adjusted odds ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.57\u20131.10, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.169) and multi-class psychotropic use (adjusted odds ratio 0.80, 95% CI 0.60\u20131.07, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.133) between patients who did and did not use psychological services.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S205647242100034X_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Psychotropic medication prescribing is common in patients with personality disorder, but significantly less likely in those who have used psychological services. This does not appear to be explained by differences in demographic, clinical and service use characteristics. There is a need to develop clear prescribing guidelines and conduct research in clinical settings to examine medication effectiveness for this population.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2021.34","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]],"date-time":"2021-03-25T02:48:56Z","timestamp":1616640536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparing psychotropic medication prescribing in personality disorder between general mental health and psychological services: retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3182-905X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giouliana","family":"Kadra-Scalzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Garland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chin-Kuo","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6432-4392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcella","family":"Fok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitesh","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2291-6952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allan H.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4435-6397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008721"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.188.5.423"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61995-4"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m09228"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01728.x"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.bp.113.044081"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2005.19.5.466"},{"volume-title":"The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines","year":"1992","author":"World Health Organization","key":"S205647242100034X_ref15"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref1","unstructured":"1 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Borderline Personality Disorder: Recognition and Management. Clinical Guidance [CG78]. NICE, 2009 (https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg78)."},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.bp.108.021758"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-9-51"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e32833f46c9"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1325"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04818yel"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-017-4767-6"},{"volume-title":"BNF 65: British National Formulary","year":"2013","key":"S205647242100034X_ref16"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.1.11"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-014-0534-0"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref21","first-page":"44","article-title":"The art of psychotherapy: selecting patients for psychodynamic psychotherapy","volume":"3","author":"Rueve","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychiatry (Edgmont)"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.17091006"},{"volume-title":"Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder","year":"2010","author":"Oldham","key":"S205647242100034X_ref2"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201400055"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.10.036"},{"key":"S205647242100034X_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0557-z"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S205647242100034X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]],"date-time":"2021-03-25T02:49:01Z","timestamp":1616640541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S205647242100034X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S205647242100034X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2021.34","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4724"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2056-4724"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e72"}}