{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:13:40Z","timestamp":1783350820450,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472422000497_sec_a1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>People living with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have suffered disproportionately in health outcomes and general well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is emerging evidence of increased psychological distress. Increased strain has also fallen on clinicians managing the psychological needs of people with IDD, in the context of learning new technologies, staff shortages, reduced services and paused training opportunities.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472422000497_sec_a2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>To examine clinicians\u2019 experiences of patient care, clinical management and the impact of care delivery.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472422000497_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n\t    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>A mixed fixed-response and free-text survey comprising 28 questions covering four areas (responder demographics, clinical practice, changes to local services and clinician experiences) was developed, using the STROBE guidance. It was disseminated through an exponential snowballing technique to clinicians in seven high-income countries. Quantitative data were analysed and presented with Microsoft Excel. Qualitative data were coded and thematically analysed, and presented with in-text quotations.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472422000497_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>There were 139 respondents, mostly senior physicians (71%). Two-thirds reported over 10 years working in the field. Quantitative findings include increased clinician stress (77%), referrals (53%), patient distress presentations (&gt;70%), patient isolation (73%) and carer burden (89%), and reduced patient participation in daily activities (86%). A third reported increased psychotropic prescribing. Qualitative analysis outlined changes to clinical practice, particularly the emergence and impact of telehealth.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472422000497_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>In the countries surveyed, the pandemic has not only had a significant impact on people with IDD, but also their carers and clinicians. A proactive, holistic international response is needed in preparedness for future public health emergencies.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2022.49","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T07:51:11Z","timestamp":1650268271000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["International clinician perspectives on pandemic-associated stress in supporting people with intellectual and developmental disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4289-2946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Howkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9800-3909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Hassiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elspeth","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Levitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5904-1112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanja","family":"Sappok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Sinai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anupam","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1183-6933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohit","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pnp.708"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20473869.2020.1827214"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-020-01927-4"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2021.26"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2022.8"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ipm.2020.45"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjb.2021.52"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref2","unstructured":"2 Public Health England. Deaths of People Identified as Having Learning Disabilities with COVID-19 in England in the Spring of 2020. Public Health England, 2020 (https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/933612\/COVID-19__learning_disabilities_mortality_report.pdf)."},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14713012211053971"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19315864.2021.1874578"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.102"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20473869.2020.1773711"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref1","unstructured":"1 NHS England, NHS Improvement. COVID-19 Deaths of Patients with a Learning Disability Notified to LeDeR. NHS England, 2020 (https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/publication\/covid-19-deaths-of-patients-with-a-learning-disability-notified-to-leder\/)."},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12811"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ipm.2020.45"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2021.1064"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.122"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201114"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref12","article-title":"Stopping Over-medication of People with Intellectual Disability, Autism or Both (STOMP) in England Part 1\u2013history and background of STOMP","author":"Branford","journal-title":"Adv Ment Health Intell Disabil"},{"key":"S2056472422000497_ref9","article-title":"The effect on and experience of families with a member who has intellectual and developmental disabilities of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: developing an investigation","author":"Rose","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Dev Disabil"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056472422000497","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T07:51:14Z","timestamp":1650268274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056472422000497\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056472422000497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2022.49","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e84"}}