{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T11:01:41Z","timestamp":1761562901535,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658966400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["204841\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204841\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>The burden of mental illness in young people with chronic liver disease is not known. In this population cohort study in England, we identified 358 individuals (aged \u226425 years) diagnosed with autoimmune hepatitis or liver disease related to cystic fibrosis and 1541 propensity-score-matched controls. By the first year of follow-up, the cumulative burden of psychiatric events in participants with liver disease was high compared with controls: anxiety disorder (6.87 per 100 individuals [95% CI 4.00\u20139.73] <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. 2.22 [95% CI 1.37\u20133.07]), depression (5.10 [95% CI 2.83\u20137.37] <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. 0.86 [95% CI 0.53\u20131.19]), substance misuse (10.61 [95% CI 9.50\u201311.73] <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. 1.23 [95% CI 0.71\u20131.75]) and self-harm (3.09 [95% CI 1.12\u20135.05] <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. 0.20 [95% CI 0.07\u20130.33]). Participants with liver disease had a 2-fold increase (OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.45\u20132.58), a 2.5-fold increase (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.91\u20133.50) and 4.4-fold increase (OR = 4.44; 95% CI 3.46\u20135.71) in the risk of anxiety, depression and substance misuse, respectively. These findings highlight the need for effective intervention in psychiatric disorders in young people with rare liver disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2022.550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T12:02:16Z","timestamp":1659009736000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Depression, anxiety, substance misuse and self-harm in children and young people with rare chronic liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Wai Hoong","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graham R.","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deirdre A.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8960-8095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvina G.","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2021.07.014"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref2","unstructured":"2 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Managing long-term conditions in the community. NICE (https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/about\/what-we-do\/into-practice\/measuring-the-use-of-nice-guidance\/impact-of-our-guidance\/niceimpact-children-and-young-peoples-healthcare\/ch2-managing-long-term-conditions-in-children)."},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-1819"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref10","first-page":"2515245920911881","article-title":"The percentile bootstrap: a primer with step-by-step instructions in R","volume":"4","author":"Rousselet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Methods Pract Psychol Sci"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019011"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1444"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30348-1"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref4","unstructured":"4 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Diabetes in children and young people. NICE (https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/qs125\/chapter\/quality-statement-6-access-to-mental-health-professionals-with-an-understanding-of-type-1-or-type-2-diabetes)."},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu289"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30101-4"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2053"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30403-1"},{"key":"S2056472422005506_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30288-7"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056472422005506","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T12:33:00Z","timestamp":1659011580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056472422005506\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056472422005506"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2022.550","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4724"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2056-4724"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e146"}}