{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:53:18Z","timestamp":1791640398921,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659916800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S205647242200552X_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Millions of children and adolescents are exposed to wars, affecting their psychological well-being. This review focuses on psychosocial interventions in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in the Middle East, where mental health services are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S205647242200552X_sec_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of trial-assessed psychosocial interventions in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in children and adolescents aged \u226418 years who were exposed to war in LMICs in the Middle East. Changes in other psychological conditions and symptoms were evaluated where reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S205647242200552X_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Cochrane Library and Ovid were searched without year restriction, in December 2021. Previous review reference lists were also checked. Only studies published in English were included. Each study was evaluated for risk of bias and results are presented as a narrative synthesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S205647242200552X_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three group-based interventions were identified and evaluated across six studies: \u2018Teaching Recovery Techniques\u2019, \u2018Writing for Recovery\u2019 and \u2018Advancing Adolescents\u2019. Two studies took place in post-war settings, and four in a context of ongoing conflict. Positive experiences and improved social skills were indicated following most interventions, but Teaching Recovery Techniques was the only programme associated with a statistically significant reduction in PTSD score. Differences in follow-up interval limited comparability of outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S205647242200552X_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review highlights a paucity of evidence for effective treatment options for children and adolescents affected by war from LMICs in the Middle East. Promising indications of reductions in PTSD symptoms, specifically from Teaching Recovery Techniques, require further rigorous evaluation and long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2022.552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T06:01:53Z","timestamp":1659938513000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Post-traumatic stress disorder interventions for children and adolescents affected by war in low- and middle-income countries in the Middle East: systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8178-3259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aseel F.","family":"Alzaghoul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison R.","family":"McKinlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Archer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61242-2","article-title":"Scale up services for mental disorders : a call for action","volume":"370","author":"Chisholm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-3588.2008.00515.x"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2016.10.001"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref2","first-page":"891","article-title":"Impact of war on children and imperative to end war","volume":"47","author":"Barbara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.115.180265"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00919131"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref28","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: study protocol for a systematic review and network meta- analysis","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15325024.2012.688712"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22618"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WTF.0b013e3282f761ff"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.06.006"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jrs\/5.1.1"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-4458-5-30"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-016-0626-7"},{"key":"S205647242200552X_ref68","unstructured":"68 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). 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