{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T04:22:30Z","timestamp":1788582150455,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472422005713_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An increasing number of children, adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities and\/or autism are being admitted to general psychiatric wards and cared for by general psychiatrists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472422005713_sec_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this systematic review was to consider the likely effectiveness of in-patient treatment for this population, and compare and contrast differing models of in-patient care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472422005713_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search was completed to identify papers where authors had reported data about the effectiveness of in-patient admissions with reference to one of three domains: treatment effect (e.g. length of stay, clinical outcome, readmission), patient safety (e.g. restrictive practices) and patient experience (e.g. patient or family satisfaction). Where possible, outcomes associated with admission were considered further within the context of differing models of in-patient care (e.g. specialist in-patient services versus general mental health in-patient services).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472422005713_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 106 studies were included and there was evidence that improvements in mental health, social functioning, behaviour and forensic risk were associated with in-patient admission. There were two main models of in-patient psychiatric care described within the literature: admission to a specialist intellectual disability or general mental health in-patient service. Patients admitted to specialist intellectual disability in-patient services had greater complexity, but there were additional benefits, including fewer out-of-area discharges and lower seclusion rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472422005713_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was evidence that admission to in-patient services was associated with improvements in mental health for this population. There was some evidence indicating better outcomes for those admitted to specialist services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2022.571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T04:20:25Z","timestamp":1666326025000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["A systematic review of in-patient psychiatric care for people with intellectual disabilities and\/or autism: effectiveness, patient safety and experience"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Clare L.","family":"Melvin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magali","family":"Barnoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3554-2948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regi","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8432-981X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashok","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Devapriam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Tromans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Shepstone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7745-1825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter E.","family":"Langdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472422005713_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-019-04327-z","article-title":"A comparison of health care expenditures for Medicaid-insured children with autism spectrum disorder and asthma in an expanding accountable care organization","volume":"50","author":"Robinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"S2056472422005713_ref92","article-title":"Improving psychiatric hospital care for pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities","volume":"2012","author":"Gabriels","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autism Res Treat"},{"key":"S2056472422005713_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.1.11","article-title":"Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS)","volume":"172","author":"Wing","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S2056472422005713_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2015.1122822","article-title":"A comparison of seclusion rates between intellectual disability and non-intellectual disability services: the effect of gender and diagnosis","volume":"27","author":"Turner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Forensic Psychiatry Psychol"},{"key":"S2056472422005713_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(95)71666-8","article-title":"Global Assessment of Functioning: a modified scale","volume":"36","author":"Hall","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"S2056472422005713_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00140","article-title":"Characteristics and pathways of long-stay patients in high and medium secure settings in England; a secondary publication from a large mixed-methods study","volume":"9","author":"Vollm","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"S2056472422005713_ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2012.694462","article-title":"Patients with personality disorders and intellectual disability - closer to personality disorders or intellectual disability? 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