{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:28:33Z","timestamp":1790414913701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003776","name":"Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003776","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472423000686_sec_a1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation might be relevant to the pathophysiology of fatigue and cognitive impairment in depression and perhaps should be considered when making prescribing decisions.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472423000686_sec_a2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>To determine the relationship of self-reported ANS symptoms with fatigue, cognition and prescribed medication in people with a diagnosis of depression, in comparators without depression but with other mental health, neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorders (active controls) and in healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472423000686_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n\t    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Cross-sectional analysis of an opportunistic sample from England. Self-reported data were collected on demographics, diagnosis, medication, ANS symptoms (Composite Autonomic Symptom Scale-31, COMPASS-31) and fatigue (Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue, VAS-F). A subsample completed cognitive tests (THINC-it), including the subjective Perceived Deficits Questionnaire five-item version (PDQ-5). Spearman's correlation and mediation models were used to explore the relationship between COMPASS-31, VAS-F and PDQ-5 scores.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472423000686_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Data were obtained for 3345 participants, 22% with depression. The depression group had significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) more severe autonomic dysregulation as measured by COMPASS-31 scores (median 30) than active (median 23) and healthy controls (median 10). The depression group had significantly higher symptom severity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) than both control groups on the VAS-F and PDQ-5. Overall, there was a significantly positive correlation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) between COMPASS-31, VAS-F scores (Spearman's rho <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub> = 0.44) and PDQ-5 scores (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub> = 0.56). COMPASS-31 scores mediated greater symptom severity on the VAS-F and PDQ-5 for those with depression. COMPASS-31 scores remained significantly different between the depression group and both control groups independently of medication.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472423000686_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>People with a diagnosis of depression report worse fatigue and cognition than active and healthy comparators; this appears to be mediated by ANS dysregulation.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2023.68","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T10:34:15Z","timestamp":1686738855000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Autonomic dysregulation, cognition and fatigue in people with depression and in active and healthy controls: observational cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3666-7531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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