{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T02:00:08Z","timestamp":1771034408024,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472424008482_as1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Parents of children with autism<jats:sup>a<\/jats:sup> demonstrate elevated traumatic stress symptoms, but seldom receive diagnoses of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or complex PTSD. An accurate assessment of Criterion A is essential for a valid diagnosis of these disorders, yet it is uncertain whether Criterion A, as defined by the two primary international diagnostic systems (DSM-5-TR and ICD-11), yields consistent interrater reliability, when psychologists rely solely on self-report from these parents for assessing PTSD or complex PTSD.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472424008482_as2\">\n\t    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>This study aims to investigate interrater reliability across psychologists when assessing Criterion A events against the ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472424008482_as3\">\n\t    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Ten Australian psychologists rated parents\u2019 self-reported traumatic events related to parenting, using the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 Criterion A. Data from 200 randomly selected parents of children, all meeting symptom thresholds for PTSD or complex PTSD, were analysed. Bootstrapping calculated kappa coefficients, differences between ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR criteria, and self-reports of threat\/no threat, with 95% confidence intervals for these differences.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472424008482_as4\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Interrater reliability varied from poor to moderate. The ICD-11 had significantly higher reliability than the DSM-5-TR for Criterion A (<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>difference<\/jats:sub> = 0.105, 95% CI 0.052\u20130.153, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The interrater reliability was lower when parents reported life threat, serious injury or death (<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>difference<\/jats:sub> = 0.096, 95% CI 0.019\u20130.176, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.007).<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472424008482_as5\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>This study highlights challenges in assessing PTSD and complex PTSD Criterion A in parents of children with autism, using DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 criteria with the Life Events Checklist, revealing less than adequate interrater reliability.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2024.848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:24:37Z","timestamp":1740126277000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Interrater reliability of the DSM-5 and ICD-11 Criterion A for PTSD and complex PTSD in parents of children with autism using the Life Events Checklist"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8707-1618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kylie","family":"Hinde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6717-0405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gert Martin","family":"Hald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1093-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Hallford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6807-8347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theis","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikkel Christoffer Berg B.","family":"Arendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7077-0509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Pavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1296-3555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-019-04090-1"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.1465"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12956"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref38","first-page":"1","article-title":"Investigating the diagnostic overshadowing bias in Bangladeshi health professionals","volume":"14","author":"Hinde","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref39","first-page":"413","article-title":"Understanding autism spectrum disorder and coping mechanism by parents: an explorative study","volume":"7","author":"Shilubane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Sci"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000481950"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000259"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/prd9y"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-020-02009-4"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref2","volume-title":"International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related 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Weathers, FW , Blake, DD , Schnurr, PP , Kaloupek, DG , Marx, BP , Keane, TM. The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5). National Center for PTSD, 2013 (https:\/\/www.ptsd.va.gov\/professional\/assessment\/te-measures\/life_events_checklist.asp)."},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2016.1232379"},{"key":"S2056472424008482_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l2372"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2025.53","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000}}],"container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056472424008482","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T09:10:46Z","timestamp":1740561046000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056472424008482\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056472424008482"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2024.848","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e36"}}