{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T22:34:56Z","timestamp":1786487696549,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472425108387_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite overlapping diagnostic criteria and aetiology, the frequency of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) in people being treated for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472425108387_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To establish the frequency and correlates of probable C-PTSD in people meeting the diagnostic criteria and being treated for BPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472425108387_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>C-PTSD was assessed in 87 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for BPD and initiating treatment in out-patient personality disorder services in the UK, using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders diagnostic interview, items from the Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress \u2013 Self Report and other measures. The cross-sectional association between C-PTSD and demographics, trauma and clinical variables was evaluated with logistic, ordinal and linear regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472425108387_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 93% of participants reported a trauma history (95% CI 88\u201398%), and 57% met the criteria for probable C-PTSD (95% CI 47\u201367%). Previous sexual trauma increased the odds of probable C-PTSD (odds ratio 6.22, 95% CI 2.21\u201317.54,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Probable C-PTSD was associated with an increased odds of self-harm in the past 12 months (odds ratio 9.41, 95% CI 1.87\u201347.27,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01) and higher levels of abandonment fears (odds ratio 2.78, 95% CI 1.17\u20136.55,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02), abandonment\u2013avoidant behaviour (odds ratio 4.25, 95% CI 1.30\u201313.91,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02) and identity instability (odds ratio 4.39, 95% CI 1.79\u201310.78,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472425108387_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>C-PTSD symptoms are likely to be common in people diagnosed with BPD, and are associated with higher overall psychiatric severity, with potential implications for formulation and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2025.10838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T04:44:31Z","timestamp":1762922671000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The frequency and correlates of complex post-traumatic stress disorder among patients being treated for borderline personality disorder: cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5083-5135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten","family":"Barnicot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04489at23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"City St George\u2019s University of London"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/041kmwe10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Imperial College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3137-5772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mike","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/041kmwe10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Imperial College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472425108387_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145713001090"},{"key":"S2056472425108387_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2680.7.3.237"},{"key":"S2056472425108387_ref24","volume-title":"The State Shame and Guilt Scale","author":"Marschall","year":"1994"},{"key":"S2056472425108387_ref41","volume-title":"Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. 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