{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T06:38:53Z","timestamp":1787985533326,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752451200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472425007859_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inequality can increase the risk of poor mental health. Objective measures explain the effects of socioeconomic disparities, but individuals may perceive inequality differently.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472425007859_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to investigate the association between the perception of economic inequality and depressive symptoms and suicide ideation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472425007859_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used data from the Survey of Korean Youths\u2019 Lives, a nationally representative cross-sectional study of 14 918 young adults aged 19\u221234 years in South Korea. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between perceived economic inequalities (i.e. income inequality and inequality of intergenerational mobility) and depressive symptoms\/suicide ideation. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed based on objective and subjective income levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472425007859_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Young adults with a high perception of economic inequality were more likely to experience depressive symptoms and suicide ideation. For example, those with a high perception of intergenerational mobility inequality had higher odds of depressive symptoms (odds ratio 1.82, 95% CI 1.49, 2.23) and suicide ideation (odds ratio 1.87, 95% CI 1.35, 2.60). Statistical evidence showed no interaction between the perception of inequalities and income, suggesting that a high perception of inequalities is associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, regardless of income. Nevertheless, the strongest association with poor mental health was observed in those with high perceived inequality and low income.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472425007859_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study shows that the way young adults perceive economic inequality could affect their depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. The findings highlight the importance of reducing these perceptions and addressing economic inequalities to improve mental health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2025.785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T04:10:31Z","timestamp":1752466231000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Perception of economic inequality and its association with depressive symptoms and suicide ideation among young adults in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2057-7360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minjae","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua Kirabo","family":"Sempungu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon Hee","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi-Hyui","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Hae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9631-9969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yo Han","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2167696818791603"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44159-022-00044-0"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674276598"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00221465221143768"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000120885.17362.94"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.072066"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13877"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.115926"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000673"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20492"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640241243280"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.64.3.552"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2167696819858812"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/705686"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1088868311430825"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref23","unstructured":"23 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Suicide Rates. OECD, 2024 (https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/en\/data\/indicators\/suicide-rates.html)."},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2019.102276"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21568693231213094"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31612-X"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(03)00198-8"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/SJP.2024.4"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.05.012"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-4458-1-4"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.47.2.343"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39349.507315.DE"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref11","first-page":"83","article-title":"The impact of perceived income inequality on depression among youth: the mediating effects of social capital","volume":"41","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Soc Welfare Rev"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2024.39.e283"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.12.031"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref24","volume-title":"2022 Survey of Korean Youths\u2019 Lives","author":"Cheong","year":"2022"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550621996867"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30159-1"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref8","first-page":"180","article-title":"Percepci\u00f3n de desigualdad econ\u00f3mica: conceptos, factores asociados y proyecciones de una agenda creciente de investigaci\u00f3n","volume":"37","author":"Castillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychol"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-018-0523-0"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2023.526"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref3","volume-title":"Equality: Why It Matters","year":"2018"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref26","first-page":"114","article-title":"Standardization of the Korean Version of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 as a screening instrument for major depressive disorder","volume":"28","author":"Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Korean Acad Family Med"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-013-0323-x"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721420964147"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2452"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7549.1080"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022905"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0039139"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpor\/edy004"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/soae077"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.17547\/kjsr.2021.29.2.106","article-title":"Longitudinal associations of perceived social inequality and subjective socioeconomic status with anxiety and depression in university students","volume":"29","author":"H-l","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"S2056472425007859_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aphw.12467"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056472425007859","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T04:10:34Z","timestamp":1752466234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056472425007859\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056472425007859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2025.785","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e148"}}