{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:46:36Z","timestamp":1785433596733,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472426110011_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perinatal depression and\/or anxiety (depression\u2013anxiety) have been associated with developmental disruptions. Less attention has been paid to preconception mental health, which could also contribute to adverse outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472426110011_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine whether preconception mental health is associated with developmental vulnerability in children who were either exposed or unexposed to prenatal depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472426110011_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A population-based, retrospective cohort including 130 631 births to 108 340 pregnant people from British Columbia (Canada) between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2012, with child development data in the form of the Early Development Instrument (EDI). Logistic regression using cluster-robust standard errors was used to compare the odds of vulnerability on EDI domains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472426110011_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children born to pregnant people in all groups with depression\u2013anxiety preconception history were more likely to be considered vulnerable on all developmental domains, except for communication skills and general knowledge, than those without prenatal depression and no preconception depression\u2013anxiety. After adjusting for confounders, effect size was largest for children born to a person with prenatal depression who had persistent depression\u2013anxiety before they conceived on the domains of physical health and well-being (adjusted odds ratio 1.73 [95% CI: 1.56\u20131.92]). Children born to people with prenatal depression but no preconception depression\u2013anxiety were probably more vulnerable on social competence and emotional maturity domains than those without prenatal depression and no preconception depression\u2013anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472426110011_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preconception mental health is associated with child development, even after accounting for depression in pregnancy. We hypothesise that it is picking up on different experiences of mental illness through the life course and represents slightly different fetal exposures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2026.11001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T08:34:53Z","timestamp":1774254893000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preconception mental health and developmental vulnerability at school entry: population-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Naomi N.","family":"Phagau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rmrcq20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paramdeep","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rmrcq20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda S.","family":"Nitschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rmrcq20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Abreu do Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rmrcq20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Guhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4781-6579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim F.","family":"Oberlander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9594-0545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gillian E.","family":"Hanley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rmrcq20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646838.2018.1508812"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2011.01.002"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.06.025"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2019.09.001"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-011-0916-4"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref27","unstructured":"27 Yang, D , Dalton, JE. A Unified Approach to Measuring the Effect Size between Two Groups using SAS . SAS Global Forum, 2012 (https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:9425733 [cited 15 Jan 2026])."},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-05284-9"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291719000709"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62248-0"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2010.09.008"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-016-0660-y"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref18","unstructured":"18 Perinatal Services BC. Perinatal Data Registry . Perinatal Services BC, 2021 (http:\/\/www.perinatalservicesbc.ca\/health-professionals\/data-surveillance\/perinatal-data-registry)."},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03610910902859574"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-025-03846-z"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32199-8"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.01.002"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/09-STS313"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-05002-5"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref29","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3697"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12602"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref20","volume-title":"The Early Development Instrument: A Population-based Measure for Communities","author":"Janus","year":"2007"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-011-9846-1"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0691-8"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.101"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908173210703"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-019-00912-6"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cjbs2007001"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2012.12.012"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-011-9845-2"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2008.0984"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2005.08.004"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-061854"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-020-01096-y"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291796004564"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-011-0178-0"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-020-00697-2"},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref16","unstructured":"16 Human Early Learning Partnership. Vulnerability on the EDI. Human Early Learning Partnership, n.d. (https:\/\/earlylearning.ubc.ca\/app\/uploads\/2022\/06\/factsheet_edi_vulnerability_20191028.pdf [cited 24 Aug 2023])."},{"key":"S2056472426110011_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177065"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056472426110011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T08:34:54Z","timestamp":1774254894000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056472426110011\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056472426110011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2026.11001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e90"}}