{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T10:16:57Z","timestamp":1783592217740,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJPsych open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S2056472426120444_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dementia affects approximately 6\u201313% of adults aged 65 years and older, with Alzheimer\u2019s disease accounting for most cases. Established symptomatic therapies, including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, provide limited benefit and do not modify disease progression. Multiple monoclonal antibodies (mABs) targeting different amyloid-\u03b2 species have been developed as potential disease-modifying therapies; because some agents have entered clinical use whereas others remain investigational, a continuously updated synthesis of their efficacy and safety is needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472426120444_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of all anti-amyloid mABs for adults with Alzheimer\u2019s disease, using a living systematic review and meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472426120444_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We will conduct a living systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 and the PRISMA extension for living systematic reviews. Randomised controlled trials comparing any approved or investigational anti-amyloid mAB with placebo, standard care or active comparators will be included. Searches of Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform will be updated every 6 months. Meta-analyses will be conducted separately for each antibody molecule using random-effects models. Critical outcomes include global clinical change and disease severity, cognitive abilities, functional ability and dependency, and safety (serious adverse events, treatment discontinuation and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities). Important outcomes include neuropsychiatric symptoms, quality of life and health system outcomes. Certainty of evidence will be assessed using the methodology Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472426120444_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This article describes a protocol; therefore, no review findings are available at this stage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S2056472426120444_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This living systematic review will provide an up-to-date synthesis of the benefits and harms of anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies to inform clinical decision-making and health-system planning in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2026.12044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T09:16:04Z","timestamp":1783588564000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy, safety and policy implications of anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: protocol for a living systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4028-3837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saehyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruhiko","family":"Oda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hyogo Mental Health Centre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rie","family":"Oyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rei","family":"Makishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Ryukyus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohail","family":"Bade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahil","family":"Bade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irshad","family":"Ally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Gibo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Ryukyus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kota","family":"Minami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saga University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumitoshi","family":"Fukuzawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shohei","family":"Sanji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre Hospital, National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Inamine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Ryukyus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Kishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Ryukyus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunjun","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shizuoka General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaki","family":"Tanifuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mone","family":"Nagahiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Ryukyus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soseikai General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-025-01123-5"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref17","unstructured":"17 Cochrane. About Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) . Cochrane, 2026 (https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/learn\/courses-and-resources\/cochrane-methodology\/risk-bias\/about-risk-bias-2-rob-2)."},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad005"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.8522"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1179573520907397"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-079183"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207438"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref16","unstructured":"16 Higgins, J , Welch, V. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions . Cochrane, 2024 (https:\/\/www.cochrane.org\/authors\/handbooks-and-manuals\/handbook)."},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.3543"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251361049"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1316"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref19","unstructured":"19 Cochrane RevMan. RevMan: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Tool for Researchers Worldwide. Cochrane RevMan, 2026 (https:\/\/revman.cochrane.org\/info)."},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70087-5"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207757"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6890"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17080999"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2305032"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2212948"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.13239"},{"key":"S2056472426120444_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12945"}],"container-title":["BJPsych Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2056472426120444","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T09:16:05Z","timestamp":1783588565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2056472426120444\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S2056472426120444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjo.2026.12044","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-4724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-4724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e182"}}