{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T13:24:40Z","timestamp":1762176280878},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"441","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518048000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21315,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. ment. sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1959,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In its classical form this peculiar disease is characterized by an irresistible compulsion to swear, together with motor tics. First recorded by Itard in 1825, it was later fully described (1885) and followed up (1899) by Gilles de la Tourette, whose name has been given to the condition. Associated with the compulsive utterances are multiple motor tics, hence Convulsive Tic is a synonym for the malady. The motor movements are more severe and widespread than those met with in simple tic, and they may involve the whole body in a violent spasm. Facial grimaces, violent jerks of the head, limbs and trunk may occur, often combined with an explosive utterance. This exclamation may consist of an unorganized sound such as a bark or a groan or a grunt. Or it may be a word\u2014frequently of an obscene nature (coprolalia) which greatly embarrasses the patient. Other features of the condition are echolalia\u2014the impulse to repeat sounds or words which the patient hears, and echbpraxia\u2014the compulsion to copy the actions of others.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.105.441.1078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,6]],"date-time":"2008-08-06T18:02:31Z","timestamp":1218045751000},"page":"1078-1081","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Gilles De La Tourette's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Bockner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/48.1.72"},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1945.tb06537.x"},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref3","first-page":"153","volume":"19","year":"1899","journal-title":"Sem. m\u00e9dicale."},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref7","unstructured":"Lewis A. , Price's Textbook of the Practice of Medicine, 1956. 9th ed. p. 1634."},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref2","first-page":"158","volume":"9","author":"Gilles de la Tourette","year":"1885","journal-title":"Arch. neurol. (Paris)"},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.105.4.267"},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref6","volume-title":"Neurology","author":"Kinnier Wilson","year":"1955"},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-195301000-00003"},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5034.1506"},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref5","first-page":"403","volume":"8","author":"Itard","year":"1825","journal-title":"Arch. g\u00e9n. M\u00e9d."},{"key":"S0368315X00045540_ref10","unstructured":"Purves-Stewart J. , and Worster-Drought C. , The Diagnosis of Nervous Diseases, 1952. 10th ed., p. 212."}],"container-title":["Journal of Mental Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0368315X00045540","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T19:55:45Z","timestamp":1559764545000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0368315X00045540\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1959,10]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"441","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1959,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0368315X00045540"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.105.441.1078","relation":{},"ISSN":["0368-315X","2514-9946"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0368-315X","type":"print"},{"value":"2514-9946","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1959,10]]}}}