{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T07:02:38Z","timestamp":1648882958964},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"445","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518048000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":20949,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. ment. sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1960,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by a protozoal parasite of worldwide geographic distribution. The organism, <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>, has been known since 1908, when it was demonstrated in the gondi, a North African rodent, by Nicolle and Manceaux and independently by Splendore in the rabbit in Brazil. Benda quotes Hellbr\u00fcgge as mentioning that Toxoplasma apparently had been discovered in 1900 by Laveran, in the blood of a bird. It has since been found to be an infective agent in a great variety of species of rodents, mammals and birds from almost any part of the world, providing a large reservoir for human infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.106.445.1527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,6]],"date-time":"2008-08-06T18:02:31Z","timestamp":1218045751000},"page":"1527-1532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Ocular Manifestations of Congenital Toxoplasmosis in Five out of 686 Cases of Mental Deficiency Examined in a State Institution for Mentally Retarded Children, Kinston, North Carolina, U.S.A."],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Frederick Edward","family":"Kratter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref16","volume-title":"The Borderland of Embryology and Pathology","author":"Willis","year":"1958"},{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1952.00920010132001"},{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1118380"},{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref6","article-title":"\u201cCong. Toxoplasmosis\u2014Diagnostic Importance of Chorioretinitis\u201d","volume":"168","year":"1958","journal-title":"J. Amer. Med. Ass."},{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref5","article-title":"\u201cCong. Toxoplasmosis: Chorioretinitis as the only Manifestation of the Disease\u201d","volume":"46","year":"1958","journal-title":"Amer. J. of Ophth."},{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"British Medical Journal, \u201cToxoplasmic Uveitis and Pyrimethamine\u201d, 2 November, 1957, p. 1042\u20131044.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5052.1042"},{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref2","volume-title":"Developmental Disorders of Mentation and Cerebral Palsies","author":"Benda","year":"1952"},{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(57)90051-2"},{"key":"S0368315X00234774_ref8","first-page":"737","article-title":"\u201cOcular Toxoplasmosis\u201d","volume":"62","author":"Hogan","year":"1958","journal-title":"Trans. Amer. Acad. 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