{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:02:50Z","timestamp":1761512570595},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"467","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517184000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":19570,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1964,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The constellation of symptoms which is termed depersonalization is often as perplexing to the doctor as to the patient. It is more easily diagnosed than defined, and much of the controversy over its nosological position can be attributed to this vagueness of outline. Saperstein (1949) reviewed the historical development of the concept and concluded that the essential feature is the experience of a sense of strangeness or unreality to the individual of his personality, his body or the external environment. Other symptoms of cerebral dysfunction, such as perceptual distortion of the body image, d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu experiences, olfactory and auditory hallucinations, metamorphopsia, autoscopy and a disordered time sense, are frequently, but not necessarily, associated (Antoni, 1946; Roth, 1959). The difficulty of expressing unusual subjective events in words gives rise to descriptions remarkable for their rich and often bizarre metaphor (e.g. Lewis, 1934; Bockner, 1949; Roth, 1959). Saperstein (1949) and Bird (1958) emphasize the \u201cas if\u201d qualification of these accounts, which distinguishes them from the delusional experiences of depression and schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.110.467.505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,6]],"date-time":"2008-08-06T18:04:14Z","timestamp":1218045854000},"page":"505-513","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Episodic Depersonalization"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Davison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1177\/003591575905200803","article-title":"\u201cThiopentone treatment of the phobic anxiety-depersonalization syndrome.\u201d","volume":"52","author":"King","year":"1959","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Med."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref14","article-title":"\u201cStimulants\u201d (Chap. XXI)","volume":"27","author":"Himwich","year":"1957","journal-title":"Res. Publ. Ass. new. ment. Dis."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.s1-16.63.193"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref9","first-page":"345","article-title":"\u201cLesions of the cerebral hemispheres and their effects upon optokinetic and caloric nystagmus.\u201d","volume":"77","author":"Carmichael","year":"1954","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref10","first-page":"571","article-title":"\u201cSome further observations upon the effect of unilateral cerebral lesions on caloric and rotational nystagmus.\u201d","volume":"84","author":"Carmichael","year":"1961","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1958.02340100067017"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.3.242"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(62)80009-1","article-title":"\u201cTemporal lobe epilepsy and the phobic anxiety-depersonalization syndrome. I. A comparative study.\u201d","volume":"3","author":"Harper","year":"1962","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiat."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref6","first-page":"348","article-title":"\u201cStudies of sleep deprivation\u2014relationship to schizophrenia.\u201d","volume":"81","author":"Bliss","year":"1959","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref34","first-page":"158","article-title":"\u201cDiscussion on abreaction.\u201d","volume":"46","author":"Shorvon","year":"1953","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Med."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref15","first-page":"179","article-title":"\u201cOn a particular variety of epilepsy (intellectual aura).\u201d","volume":"11","author":"Jackson","year":"1888","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.109.460.371"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.109.460.376"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.95.401.968"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref4","article-title":"\u201cMental symptoms in temporal lobe epilepsy and temporal lobe gliomas\u201d","volume":"33","author":"Bingley","year":"1958","journal-title":"ibid."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref32","first-page":"669","article-title":"\u201cDepersonalization and mood changes in schizophrenia.\u201d","volume":"109","author":"Sedman","year":"1963","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.100.421.854"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/80.1.77"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref30","first-page":"258","article-title":"\u201cTreatment of depersonalization.\u201d","volume":"15","author":"Schilder","year":"1939","journal-title":"Bull. NY. Acad. Med."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1946.tb07263.x"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref39","volume-title":"Psychotropic Drugs","author":"Unna","year":"1957"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref29","volume-title":"An Introduction to Physical Methods of Treatment in Psychiatry","author":"Sargant","year":"1963"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref17","first-page":"1047","article-title":"\u201cDiagnosis and prognosis of schizophrenia.\u201d","volume":"53","author":"Langfeldt","year":"1960","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.80.329.277","article-title":"\u201cMelancholia. A clinical survey of depressive states.\u201d","volume":"80","author":"Lewis","year":"1934","journal-title":"J. Ment. Sci."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref20","first-page":"789","article-title":"\u201cThe EEG effects in normal subjects of combined hyperventilation and hypoxia.\u201d","volume":"14","author":"Preswick","year":"1962","journal-title":"EEG Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1177\/003591575905200802","article-title":"\u201cThe phobic anxiety-depersonalization syndrome.\u201d","volume":"52","author":"Roth","year":"1959","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Med."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref24","first-page":"293","article-title":"\u201cThe phobic anxiety-depersonalization syndrome and some general aetiological problems in psychiatry.\u201d","volume":"i","author":"Roth","year":"1960","journal-title":"J. Neuropsychiat."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(57)90030-5"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.104.435.472"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-194911030-00005"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(47)91806-0"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01814657"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.02.040162.001243","article-title":"\u201cSites of action of some C.N.S. depressants.\u201d","volume":"2","author":"Takaori","year":"1962","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Pharmacol."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref38","first-page":"701","article-title":"\u201cThe syndrome of Alice in Wonderland.\u201d","volume":"73","author":"Todd","year":"1955","journal-title":"Canad. med. Ass. J."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/79.1.29"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(62)80022-4"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref35","first-page":"779","article-title":"\u201cThe depersonalization syndrome.\u201d","volume":"39","author":"Shorvon","year":"1946","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref22","first-page":"478","article-title":"\u201cNormal and abnormal depersonalization.\u201d","volume":"106","author":"Roberts","year":"1960","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.105.440.703"},{"key":"S0007125000011041_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1935.tb01140.x"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007125000011041","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]],"date-time":"2020-05-07T13:41:08Z","timestamp":1588858868000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007125000011041\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":["Observations on 7 Patients"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1964,7]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"467","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1964,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007125000011041"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.110.467.505","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1250","1472-1465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1250","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-1465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1964,7]]}}}