{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T02:22:04Z","timestamp":1767666124264},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517184000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":15675,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pierce-James (1967), has shown that British heroin addicts have a very much higher mortality rate than the general population. The same applies to American narcotic addicts; a 20-year follow-up study of a group of narcotic dependents showed the very high death rate of 23 per cent over this period (Vaillant, 1973). Pierce-James (1967), distinguished between suicidal, accidental, and other causes of death, and also demonstrated a higher rate of successful suicide attempts among heroin addicts than in the general population. Connell (1965) suggested that the incidence of suicidal threats and attempts in childhood and adolescence is higher than is generally recognized, and in both adolescents (Gould, 1965) and intravenous narcotic addicts (Frederick <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>, 1973) suicidal and self-destructive behaviour is more common than successful suicide. The distinction between suicidal attempts and self-destructive behaviour is unclear. Stengel (1964) defined as suicidal attempts, \u2018all cases of potentially dangerous self-poisoning or self-inflicted injury.\u2019 The present study, however, does not assume that self-poisoning or self-inflicted injury necessarily implies suicidal intent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.126.3.266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,12]],"date-time":"2008-08-12T18:35:43Z","timestamp":1218566143000},"page":"266-269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Self-Destructive Behaviour in Oral and Intravenous Drug-Dependent Groups"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"M. R.","family":"Gossop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. P.","family":"Cobb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. H.","family":"Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000070793_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/10826087109045552","article-title":"Stimulant drugs: perceived effect on the interpersonal behaviour of dependent patients","volume":"6","author":"Teasdale","year":"1971","journal-title":"Int. J. Addict"},{"key":"S0007125000070793_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/10826087209028106","article-title":"The perceived effect of heroin on the interpersonal behaviour of heroin-dependent patients, and a comparison with stimulant-dependent patients","volume":"7","author":"Teasdale","year":"1972","journal-title":"Int. J. Addict"},{"key":"S0007125000070793_ref13","volume-title":"Suicide and Attempted Suicide","author":"Stengel","year":"1964"},{"key":"S0007125000070793_ref11","article-title":"Suicide and mortality amongst heroin addicts in Britain","volume":"62","author":"Pierce-James","year":"1967","journal-title":"Brit. J. 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R. & Connell P. H. Attitudes of oral and intravenous multiple drug users toward drugs of abuse. Int. J. Addict, (in press)."},{"key":"S0007125000070793_ref12","volume-title":"A Glossary of Mental Disorders","year":"1968"},{"key":"S0007125000070793_ref4","first-page":"9","article-title":"Opioid users attending a special drug dependence clinic 1968\u20131969","volume":"23","author":"Gardner","year":"1971","journal-title":"Bull. Narcotics"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007125000070793","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T16:04:03Z","timestamp":1559145843000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007125000070793\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1975,3]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007125000070793"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.126.3.266","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1250","1472-1465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1250","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-1465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1975,3]]}}}