{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:14:22Z","timestamp":1777389262218,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8463,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sex offences are overrepresented in the mentally handicapped, but information about the characteristics and offence behaviour of this group is limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective case note survey was made of 47 male patients referred for antisocial sexual behaviour.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 191 offences and\/or incidents committed, 55.5% were heterosexual, 24% indecent exposure, 12.4% homosexual, 13.6% serious and 3.6% involved physical assault. Average age of the offenders was 23.9 years, with a mean IQ of 59.5, and there was a high prevalence of family psychopathology, psychiatric illness, minor physical disabilities, sexual experience, impaired relationship skills and sexual recidivism. Recidivists showed a low specificity for offence type and age and sex of victim. Categorical analysis differentiated a \u2018sex offences only\u2019 group from a \u2018sex plus other offences\u2019 group in the key areas of psychopathology, offence behaviour and outcome; this was supported by factor analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The finding of two subgroups of mentally handicapped male sex offenders has important implications for prevention, assessment and treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.165.5.630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,15]],"date-time":"2008-10-15T05:26:25Z","timestamp":1224048385000},"page":"630-639","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Male Mentally Handicapped Sex Offenders"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Day","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1177\/070674378603100612","article-title":"Male adolescent sexual offenders: the offender and the offense","volume":"31","author":"Saunders","year":"1986","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref24","first-page":"521","article-title":"Indecent exposure and exhibitionism","volume":"5","author":"Rooth","year":"1971","journal-title":"British Journal of Hospital Medicine"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref14","volume-title":"Indecent Exposure.","author":"McDonald","year":"1973"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0997-0"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref7","volume-title":"Sex Offenders","author":"Fowles","year":"1977"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref6","first-page":"602","article-title":"Alcohol and drug use by mentally retarded adults","volume":"90","author":"Edgerton","year":"1986","journal-title":"American Journal of Mental Deficiency"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref35","volume-title":"Mental Disorders: Glossary and Guide to their Classification in Accordance with the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9).","year":"1978"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref34","volume-title":"Sexual Crimes and Confrontations: a Study of Victims and Offenders.","author":"West","year":"1987"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref26","first-page":"66","volume-title":"Mental Retardation and the Law: A report on current court cases","author":"Santamour","year":"1978"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3138\/9781487576424","volume-title":"Paedophilia and Exhibitionism.","author":"Mohr","year":"1964"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref32","volume-title":"Sexual Offences, Consent and Sentencing.","author":"Walmsley","year":"1979"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref11","volume-title":"Criminal Statistics England and Wales 1988.","year":"1988"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref15","unstructured":"Mein R. (1959) A survey of mentally defective sexual offenders in Harperbury Hospital. Unpublished report."},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref10","first-page":"41","article-title":"Sex counselling with the developmentally handicapped. The assessment and management of seven critical problems","volume":"6","author":"Hingsburger","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychiatric Aspects of Mental Retardation Reviews"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1177\/002580249203200408","article-title":"Psychopathic disordered, mentally ill and mentally handicapped sex offenders: a comparative study","volume":"32","author":"Murrey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Medicine, Science and the Law"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref18","first-page":"433","article-title":"Mongoloid and non-mongoloid retardates: a behavioural comparison","volume":"73","author":"Moore","year":"1968","journal-title":"American Journal of Mental Deficiency"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.95.401.842","article-title":"Delinquent types of mentally defective persons","volume":"95","author":"milner","year":"1949","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Science"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref4","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Clinical Approaches to the Mentally Disordered Offender","author":"Day","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref1","first-page":"171","volume-title":"In Sex Offenders in the Criminal Justice System","author":"Bluglass","year":"1980"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1978.tb06882.x"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.153.5.635"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref8","volume-title":"Sex Offenders:. an Analysis of Types.","author":"Gebhard","year":"1965"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref12","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Sex Offenders in the Criminal Justice System","author":"Kapardis","year":"1980"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref13","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Sex Offenders in the Criminal Justice System","author":"McClintock","year":"1980"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref19","first-page":"345","article-title":"Delinquent defectives \u2013 a group study","volume":"52","author":"Morris","year":"1948","journal-title":"American Journal of Mental Deficiency"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref20","first-page":"22","volume-title":"The Sexual Aggressor: Current Perspectives on Treatment","author":"Murphy","year":"1983"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref22","volume-title":"Advanced Statistics Manual B41\u201369.","author":"Norusis","year":"1988"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref25","volume-title":"The Sexual Aspect of Paedophile Relations.","author":"Sandport","year":"1982"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J291v07n02_02"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref29","first-page":"178","article-title":"Types of behaviour manifested by feebleminded sex offenders","volume":"44","author":"Sellings","year":"1939","journal-title":"Proceedings from the American Action on Mental Deficiency"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref30","first-page":"198","volume-title":"The Sexual Aggressor: Current Perspectives on Treatment","author":"Tracey","year":"1983"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref31","volume-title":"Crime and Insanity in England, Vol. 2.","author":"Walker","year":"1973"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref23","volume-title":"Sexual Offences: a Report of the Cambridge Department of Criminology.","author":"Radzinowicz","year":"1957"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref33","volume-title":"Understanding Sexual Attacks.","author":"West","year":"1978"},{"key":"S0007125000073190_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1177\/070674378903400611","article-title":"Mentally retarded adolescent sex offenders. 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