{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:07:25Z","timestamp":1791234445782,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8371,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is unclear whether the causative factors of non-psychotic postnatal depression are the same as those of depression at other times.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>The course and recurrence of postnatal depression was studied in two groups of primiparous women experiencing an index episode of postnatal depression: those for whom the mood disorder had arisen <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 34), and those for whom it was a recurrence of previous affective disturbance (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 21). The mental state of these two groups, together with a psychiatrically well control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 40), was studied for five years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>It was found that those for whom the index episode was a recurrence of depression were at raised risk of further non-postpartum episodes but not postpartum episodes, and that those for whom the index episode had arisen <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> were at raised risk for further episodes of postnatal depression but not for non-postpartum episodes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest a specific nosologic reference for the concept of postnatal depression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.166.2.191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,15]],"date-time":"2008-10-15T05:31:20Z","timestamp":1224048680000},"page":"191-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":349,"title":["Course and Recurrence of Postnatal Depression"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"166","author":[{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000183333_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00890.x"},{"key":"S0007125000183333_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.2.151"},{"key":"S0007125000183333_ref18","first-page":"321","volume-title":"Before Speech: The Beginning of 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