{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:10:55Z","timestamp":1790745055994,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]],"date-time":"2018-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514937600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7491,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim was to examine the longitudinal evolution of depression and anosognosia in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty-two of a consecutive series of 116 AD patients that were examined with a structured psychiatric interview had a follow-up evaluation between one and two years after the initial evaluation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the initial evaluation 19% of the 62 patients had major depression, 34% had dysthymia, and 47% were not depressed. After a mean follow-up of 16 months, 58% of patients with major depression at the initial evaluation were still depressed, whereas only 28% of patients with initial dysthymia and 21% of the non-depressed patients were depressed at follow-up. During the follow-up period, all three groups showed similar declines in cognitive status and activities of daily living. At the initial evaluation, 39% of the patients had anosognosia, and there was a significant increment of anosognosia during the follow-up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While dysthymia in AD is a brief emotional disorder, major depression is a longer-lasting mood change. Anosognosia is another prevalent disorder among AD patients, and increases with the progression of the illness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.171.1.47","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,15]],"date-time":"2008-10-15T05:36:56Z","timestamp":1224049016000},"page":"47-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Prospective longitudinal study of depression and anosognosia in Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Sergio E.","family":"Starkstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Er\u00e1n","family":"Chemerinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Sabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Kuzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Petracca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Tes\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Leiguarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref22","first-page":"38","article-title":"A SPECT study of depression in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"8","author":"Starkstein","year":"1995b","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry. Neuropsychology and behavioral Neurology"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1995.00540280105024"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520350020008"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.7.805"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.143.1.35","article-title":"The Overt Aggression Scale: an operationalized rating scale for verbal and physical aggression","volume":"143","author":"Yudofsky","year":"1986","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000117056"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref7","volume-title":"Guide for Use of the Uniform Data Set for Medical Rehabilitation","author":"Granger","year":"1986"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref4","volume-title":"Recent Developments in Parkinson's Disease","author":"Fahn","year":"1987"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.1.37","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of dysthymia and major depression in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"152","author":"Migliorelli","year":"1995c","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref3","volume-title":"Dementia: A Clinical Approach","author":"Cummings","year":"1992"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700033420"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref2","first-page":"29","article-title":"Mini-compendium of rating scales for states of anxiety, depression, mania, schizophrenia, with corresponding DSM \u2013 III syndromes","volume":"73","author":"Bech","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Psychtatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.12.1503"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.5.748","article-title":"Denial of memory deficit in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"150","author":"Spitzer","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.7.3.338","article-title":"Anosognosia in Alzheimer's disease: a study of associated factors","volume":"7","author":"Migliorelli","year":"1995b","journal-title":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240210"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref11","first-page":"50","volume-title":"Depression in Neurologic Disease","author":"Loreck","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.5.748","article-title":"Denial of memory deficit in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"150","author":"Sevush","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"1987"},{"key":"S0007125000147178_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700038459"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007125000147178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,11]],"date-time":"2019-05-11T20:47:12Z","timestamp":1557607632000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007125000147178\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007125000147178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.171.1.47","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1250","1472-1465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1250","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-1465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]}}}