{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:04:32Z","timestamp":1791561872787,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6090,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The UK Government's White Paper <jats:italic>Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation<\/jats:italic> included among its targets a reduction in suicide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study causes of change in suicide rate over a 30-year period in Newcastle upon Tyne.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Suicide rates and methods, based on coroners' inquest records, were compared over two periods (1961\u20131965 and 1985\u20131994) and differences were related to changes in exposure to poisons and prescribed drugs, and to socio-demographic changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Demographic and social changes had taken place which would adversely affect suicide rates. However, a dramatic fall was found in the rate for women, and a modest decline in that for men. Reduced exposure to carbon monoxide and to barbiturates coincided with the fall in rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reduced exposure to lethal methods was responsible for the fall in rate in both genders, while the gender difference in favour of women may be related to their preference for non-violent methods or to their being less affected by the social changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.178.5.458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,29]],"date-time":"2002-08-29T17:36:18Z","timestamp":1030642578000},"page":"458-464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Relationship of suicide rates to social factors and availability of lethal methods"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Kurt","family":"Schapira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. R.","family":"Linsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. A.","family":"Linsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. P.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. W. K.","family":"Kay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7168.1283"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/2.1.91"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1993.tb05368.x"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref7","volume-title":"EPInfo 6.0 Manual: A Word Processing, Database and Statistics Program for Public Health on IBM-Compatible Microcomputers.","author":"Dean","year":"1995"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref9","volume-title":"Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation.","year":"1999"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref23","volume-title":"Mortality Statistics by Area","year":"1985\u20131992"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref27","first-page":"220","volume-title":"1991 Census, County Reports, Tyne and Wear, Part 1.","year":"1992d"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7266.926"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.41.2.114"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref14","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Census 1961, Occupation, Industry, Socioeconomic groups; County Reports, Northumberland","year":"1966"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref17","first-page":"86","article-title":"The coal gas story. United Kingdom suicide rates, 1960\u201371","volume":"30","author":"Kreitman","year":"1976","journal-title":"British Journal of Preventative and Social Medicine"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.178.5.465"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref25","first-page":"20","volume-title":"1991 Census, County Reports, Tyne and Wear, Part 1.","year":"1992b"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.175.2.168"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607869856489"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref3","first-page":"10","article-title":"Trends in suicide deaths in England and Wales","volume":"69","author":"Charlton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Population Trends"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref4","first-page":"34","article-title":"Suicide deaths in England and Wales: trends in factors associated with suicide deaths","volume":"71","author":"Charlton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Population Trends"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS13643J"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref8","volume-title":"Prescription Cost Analysis, England.","year":"1997"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6974.205"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref12","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Census 1961, County Reports, Northumberland","year":"1963a"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref22","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Mortality Statistics, Injury and Poisoning, Series DH4","year":"1995"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref13","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Census 1961, County Reports, Northumberland","year":"1963b"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6833.1000"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref16","first-page":"71","article-title":"Risk of suicide in depression and its implication for psychopharmacolgical treatment","volume":"11","author":"Kasper","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref21","volume-title":"Series DH2, Tables 2 and 3.","year":"1985\u20131994"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref24","first-page":"52","volume-title":"1991 Census, County Reports, Tyne and Wear, Part 1.","year":"1992a"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref26","first-page":"56","volume-title":"1991 Census, County Reports, Tyne and Wear, Part 1.","year":"1992c"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref28","volume-title":"1991 Census Report for Great Britain (Part 1)","volume":"Vol. 1","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref29","first-page":"208","volume-title":"The Registrar General's Statistical Review for England and Wales for the Year 1965","year":"1968"},{"key":"S0007125000270499_ref31","volume-title":"Suicide in London.","author":"Sainsbury","year":"1955"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007125000270499","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T20:30:16Z","timestamp":1557261016000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007125000270499\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":["Comparison of suicide in Newcastle upon Tyne 1961\u20131965 and 1985\u20131994"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007125000270499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.178.5.458","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1250","1472-1465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1250","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-1465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}}}