{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:36:04Z","timestamp":1791117364452,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5329,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Strong evidence exists for an association between childhood trauma, particularly childhood sexual abuse, and hallucinations in schizophrenia. Hallucinations are also well-documented symptoms in people with bipolar affective disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and other childhood traumas and hallucinations in people with bipolar affective disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A sample of 96 participants was drawn from the Medical Research Council multi-centre trial of cognitive\u2013behavioural therapy for bipolar affective disorder. The trial therapists recorded spontaneous reports of childhood sexual abuse made during the course of therapy. Symptom data were collected by trained research assistants masked to the hypothesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant association was found between those reporting general trauma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=38) and auditory hallucinations. A highly significant association was found between those reporting childhood sexual abuse (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=15) and auditory hallucinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship between childhood sexual abuse and hallucinations in bipolar disorder warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.182.6.543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,3]],"date-time":"2003-06-03T21:26:55Z","timestamp":1054675615000},"page":"543-547","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":176,"title":["Childhood trauma and hallucinations in bipolar affective disorder: preliminary investigation"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Hammersley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Bowen-Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernadette","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Bentall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.179.4070.250"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.70.1.246"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref22","first-page":"489","article-title":"Childhood abuse and positive symptoms of schizophrenia","volume":"45","author":"Ross","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.2000.020206.x"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref14","volume-title":"Measurement of Stress and Self-Report Trauma","author":"Green","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024708916143"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/23.4.685"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref9","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Accepting Voices","author":"Ensink","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref10","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2013IV (SCID)","author":"First","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1997.80.2.447"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref6","first-page":"1426","article-title":"Childhood sexual and physical abuse as a factor in psychiatric illness","volume":"44","author":"Bryer","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000229073_ref2","volume-title":"Sexual Offences Against Children. 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