{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T02:32:35Z","timestamp":1790649155424,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629331200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Growing evidence suggests that air pollution exposure may adversely affect the brain and increase risk for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. However, little is known about the potential role of air pollution in severity and relapse following illness onset.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims<\/jats:title>\n To examine the longitudinal association between residential air pollution exposure and mental health service use (an indicator of illness severity and relapse) among individuals with first presentations of psychotic and mood disorders.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Method<\/jats:title>\n \n We identified individuals aged \u226515 years who had first contact with the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust for psychotic and mood disorders in 2008\u20132012 (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 13 887). High-resolution (20 \u00d7 20 m) estimates of nitrogen dioxide (NO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ), nitrogen oxides (NO\n x<\/jats:sub>\n ) and particulate matter (PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n and PM\n 10<\/jats:sub>\n ) levels in ambient air were linked to residential addresses. In-patient days and community mental health service (CMHS) events were recorded over 1-year and 7-year follow-up periods.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Following covariate adjustment, interquartile range increases in NO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , NO\n x<\/jats:sub>\n and PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n were associated with 18% (95% CI 5\u201334%), 18% (95% CI 5\u201334%) and 11% (95% CI 3\u201319%) increased risk for in-patient days after 1 year. Similarly, interquartile range increases in NO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , NO\n x<\/jats:sub>\n , PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n and PM\n 10<\/jats:sub>\n were associated with 32% (95% CI 25\u201338%), 31% (95% CI 24\u201337%), 7% (95% CI 4\u201311%) and 9% (95% CI 5\u201314%) increased risk for CMHS events after 1 year. Associations persisted after 7 years.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Residential air pollution exposure is associated with increased mental health service use among people recently diagnosed with psychotic and mood disorders. Assuming causality, interventions to reduce air pollution exposure could improve mental health prognoses and reduce healthcare costs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2021.119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T04:49:45Z","timestamp":1629348585000},"page":"678-685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Association between air pollution exposure and mental health service use among individuals with first presentations of psychotic and mood disorders: retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"219","author":[{"given":"Joanne B.","family":"Newbury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4435-6397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4174-2126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen 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\u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}