{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T01:35:37Z","timestamp":1782783337109,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701648000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec - Sant\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Donn\u00e9es de recherche en contexte r\u00e9el \u2013 Parten"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Donn\u00e9es de recherche en contexte r\u00e9el \u2013 Parten"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0007125023001496_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often comorbid with schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders (SZSPD), concerns about an increased risk of psychotic events have limited its treatment with either psychostimulants or atomoxetine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0007125023001496_sec_a2\"><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine whether the risk of hospital admission for psychosis in people with SZSPD was increased during the year following the introduction of such medications compared with the year before.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0007125023001496_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective cohort study using Quebec (Canada) administrative health registries, including all Quebec residents with a public prescription drug insurance plan and a diagnosis of psychotic disorder, defined by relevant ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes, who initiated either methylphenidate, amphetamines or atomoxetine, between January 2010 and December 2016, in combination with antipsychotic medication. The primary outcome was time to hospital admission for psychosis within 1 year of initiation. State sequence analysis was also used to visualise admission trajectories for psychosis in the year following initiation of these medications, compared with the previous year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0007125023001496_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 2219 individuals, 1589 (71.6%) initiated methylphenidate, 339 (15.3%) amphetamines and 291 (13.1%) atomoxetine during the study period. After adjustment, the risk of hospital admission for psychosis was decreased during the 12 months following the introduction of these medications when used in combination with antipsychotics (adjusted HR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.24\u20130.54; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0007125023001496_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that, in a real-world setting, when used concurrently with antipsychotic medication, methylphenidate, amphetamines and atomoxetine may be safer than generally believed in individuals with psychotic disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2023.149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T08:07:16Z","timestamp":1701677236000},"page":"98-105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Treatment with psychostimulants and atomoxetine in people with psychotic disorders: reassessing the risk of clinical deterioration in a real-world setting"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"224","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4192-853X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Corbeil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7755-9043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Brodeur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josiane","family":"Courteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6697-1799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"B\u00e9chard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7378-9776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime","family":"Huot-Lavoie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Angelopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samanta","family":"Di 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Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}