{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T11:06:28Z","timestamp":1777547188954,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695254400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES\/S00744X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/S00744X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001626","name":"Public Health Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["COM\/5625\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COM\/5625\/20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001626","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0007125023000764_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns were predicted to have a major impact on suicidal behaviour, including self-harm. However, current studies have produced contradictory findings with limited trend data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0007125023000764_sec_a2\"><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine years of linked individual-level administrative data were utilised to examine changes in hospital-presenting self-harm and ideation (thoughts of self-harm or suicide) before and during the pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0007125023000764_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>National self-harm registry data were linked to demographic and socioeconomic indicators from healthcare registration records (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1 899 437). Monthly presentations of self-harm or ideation were split (pre-COVID-19 restrictions: April 2012 to February 2020; and during restrictions: March to September 2020). Auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were trained in R taking into consideration trends and seasonal effects. Forecast (\u2018expected\u2019) monthly values were compared with \u2018actual\u2019 values, stratified by demographic factors and method of harm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0007125023000764_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of individuals presenting with self-harm or ideation dropped significantly at the beginning of the pandemic (March\u2013May 2020), before returning mostly to expected trends from June 2020. Stratified analysis showed similar presentation trends across most demographic subgroups except for those aged over 65 years, living alone or in affluent areas, where presentations remained unaffected, and those aged under 16 years, where numbers presenting with self-harm or ideation increased above expected levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0007125023000764_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although population trends show an overall drop in presentations before a return to \u2018normal\u2019 from June 2020, the demographic profile of those presenting with self-harm or ideation varied significantly, with increases in children under the age of 16 years. This highlights important potential target groups who may have been most negatively affected by the pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2023.76","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T02:15:28Z","timestamp":1695262528000},"page":"509-517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm and self-harm\/suicide ideation: population-wide data linkage study and time series analysis"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"223","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9693-1349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Euan Neil","family":"Paterson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Kent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dermot","family":"O'Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"O'Hagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8786-2118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siobhan M.","family":"O'Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3932-2109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aideen","family":"Maguire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113264"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.01.015"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100110"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31303-9"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.04.019"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2022.112"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.12.018"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30528-9"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115226"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266967"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2022.101780"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.040741"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01686"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306326"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00328-3"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdab059"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v027.i03"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000753"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.25522.1"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref6","volume-title":"Covid-19 Social Study: Results Release 39","author":"Fancourt","year":"2021"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052613"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref23","unstructured":"23 BBC News. Covid lockdown: children as young as eight self-harming, doctor says. BBC News 2021: 16 Mar. (https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-england-leeds-56417014)."},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref10","volume-title":"Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm Annual Report 2018\/19","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref24","first-page":"1","article-title":"The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on child and adolescent mental health: systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Panchal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30307-2"},{"key":"S0007125023000764_ref3","volume-title":"Hospital-Presenting Self-Harm During January-August 2020: Data Briefing, December 2020","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["The British Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007125023000764","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T15:58:24Z","timestamp":1698854304000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007125023000764\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007125023000764"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.2023.76","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1250","1472-1465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1250","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-1465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2023. 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