{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T08:59:17Z","timestamp":1785488357925,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0007125024002502_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anxiety disorders and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD) are often comorbid. Studies suggest ketamine has anxiolytic and antidepressant properties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125024002502_sec_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate if subcutaneous racemic ketamine, delivered twice weekly for 4 weeks, reduces anxiety in people with TRD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125024002502_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Ketamine for Adult Depression Study was a multisite 4-week randomised, double-blind, active (midazolam)-controlled trial. The study initially used fixed low dose ketamine (0.5 mg\/kg, cohort 1), before protocol revision to flexible, response-guided dosing (0.5\u20130.9 mg\/kg, cohort 2). This secondary analysis assessed anxiety using the Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) scale (primary measure) and \u2018inner tension\u2019 item 3 of the Montgomery\u2013\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), at baseline, 4 weeks (end treatment) and 4 weeks after treatment end. Analyses of change in anxiety between ketamine and midazolam groups included all participants who received at least one treatment (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 174), with a mixed effects repeated measures model used to assess the primary anxiety measure. The trial was registered at\n                      <jats:uri xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au\">www.anzctr.org.au<\/jats:uri>\n                      (ACTRN12616001096448).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125024002502_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In cohort 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 68) the reduction in HAM-A score was not statistically significant: \u22121.4 (95% CI [\u22128.6, 3.2],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.37), whereas a significant reduction was seen for cohort 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 106) of \u22124.0 (95% CI [\u221210.6, \u22121.9],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0058), favouring ketamine over midazolam. These effects were mediated by total MADRS and were not maintained at 4 weeks after treatment end. MADRS item 3 was also significantly reduced in cohort 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.026) but not cohort 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.96).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125024002502_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ketamine reduces anxiety in people with TRD when administered subcutaneously in adequate doses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2024.250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T03:34:03Z","timestamp":1736220843000},"page":"601-607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["RETRACTED\u2013Effect of ketamine on anxiety: findings from the Ketamine for Adult 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The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}