{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:46:42Z","timestamp":1792010802062,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0007125025000029_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment of major depression, but autobiographical memory loss\u00a0may limit its use. Despite previous attempts to synthesise the literature, the nature of autobiographical memory loss after ECT is still debated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125025000029_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To provide an overview of the effect of ECT on autobiographical memory in patients with depression and explore whether the effect is temporary or permanent. Furthermore, we wanted to analyse if ECT parameters or clinical information are associated with this effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125025000029_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases were searched on 26 January 2024. We included longitudinal studies measuring autobiographical memory before and after ECT in patients with depression compared to patients with depression receiving other treatment or healthy controls. Synthesis approach was a meta-analysis. PROSPERO ID: CRD42021267901.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125025000029_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine studies were included (432 patients, 173 controls). At post-ECT, we found that ECT patients had larger autobiographical memory loss than controls (standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.35\u20130.75). Right unilateral (RUL) ECT entailed a small effect on autobiographical memory (SMD = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.06\u20130.57), while bilateral ECT yielded a large effect (SMD = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.49\u20131.15). Higher age was associated with smaller effect. Autobiographical memory was stable at long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125025000029_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The studies suggest that ECT causes autobiographical memory loss in patients with depression. Results also suggest that lost memories are not regained. Furthermore, results support that RUL ECT is less detrimental to autobiographical memory. Strangely, a higher age might mitigate the autobiographical memory loss. Our findings are limited by studies being mainly observational and generally consisting of small sample sizes. Future studies should prioritise long-term follow-up assessments of autobiographical memory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2025.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T06:43:36Z","timestamp":1747118616000},"page":"263-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Autobiographical memory after electroconvulsive therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"228","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3461-6415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Beyer","family":"Mathiassen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Mental Health Services CPH"},{"name":"University of 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