{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T09:43:58Z","timestamp":1792748638028,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/tdm\/tdmrep-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0007125026105522_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Journalists covering war are exposed to grave risk which can cause mental health difficulties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125026105522_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the long-term psychiatric health of journalists who covered wars in Afghanistan and the Middle East between September 2001 (following 9\/11) and 2013 (waning of the Arab Spring uprisings).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125026105522_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Observational, qualitative study involving journalists from CNN,\n                      <jats:italic>The New York Times<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the\n                      <jats:italic>Washington Post<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the Associated Press and National Public Radio. Data collected via study website and Zoom interviews. Of 324 journalists identified, 202 (62.3%) were traceable. Of these, 16 (4.9%) were deceased, 156\/186 (83.9%) consented and 30\/186 (16.1%) declined participation. Of 156 journalists who provided psychometric data, 99 (63.4%) agreed to interview. Duration of exposure to and severity of risk were recorded. Psychometric data included the General Anxiety Disorder seven-item scale, the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and the Structured Clinical Interview Schedule for DSM-5 to elicit 12-month and lifetime prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125026105522_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred and twelve (71.8%) were male, mean age was 57.0 (s.d. = 9.75) years and 77\/156 (49.4%) spent more than 3 years in war zones. Time in a war zone correlated with risk severity (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.476,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 27%\/6%; major depression 34%\/8%; any anxiety disorder 28%\/11%; alcohol use disorder 34%\/4%; acute stress disorder 6%\/0%; dissociative disorder 2%\/0%. Severity of risk predicted lifetime PTSD only (odds ratio 2.55, 95% CI: 1.27\u20135.14,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009). Counselling was available to 63\/156 (40.4%) journalists while covering conflict.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0007125026105522_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Journalists who covered wars in Afghanistan, Iraq and elsewhere that began after 9\/11 have a high lifetime prevalence of PTSD, major depression, any anxiety disorder and alcohol use disorder; 12-month prevalence for PTSD and any anxiety disorder remains elevated, albeit less so. War journalism is hazardous, and risk severity predicts PTSD, highlighting the importance of therapy availability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2026.10552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T11:52:02Z","timestamp":1772452322000},"page":"520-525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["War and the long-term psychiatric health of journalists who cover it"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"229","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0132-0909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Feinstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03dbr7087","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and University of Toronto"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Mead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elana","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tulsa"},{"name":"Global Center for Journalism and Trauma"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Center for Journalism and Trauma"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Broadcasting Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Fainaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Entertainment and Sports Programming Network"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125026105522_ref4","unstructured":"4 Hunt, F . 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Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that no alterations are made and the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"The written permission of Cambridge University Press or the rights holder(s) must be obtained prior to any commercial use and\/or adaptation of the article.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}