{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:33:19Z","timestamp":1790908399296,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2711,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD) often starts in childhood and adolescence and can be a chronic disorder with high persistence rates. There are few prospective long-term follow-up studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To follow up young people with OCD to clarify persistence rates and relevant predictors, presence of other psychiatric disorders, functional impairment, service utilisation and perceived treatment needs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All young people with OCD assessed over 9 years at the National and Specialist Paediatric OCD clinic, Maudsley Hospital, London, were included. Sixty-one per cent (142 of 222) of all contactable young people and parents completed computerised diagnostic interviews and questionnaires.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found a persistence rate of OCD of 41%; 40% of participants had a psychiatric diagnosis other than OCD at follow-up. The main predictor for persistent OCD was duration of illness at assessment. High levels of baseline psychopathology predicted other psychiatric disorders at follow-up. Functional impairment and quality of life were mildly to moderately affected. Approximately 50% of participants were still receiving treatment and about 50% felt a need for further treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study confirms that paediatric OCD can be a chronic condition that persists into adulthood. Early recognition and treatment might prevent chronicity. Important challenges for services are ensuring adequate treatment and a smooth transition from child to adult services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.075317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,2]],"date-time":"2010-08-02T05:24:26Z","timestamp":1280726666000},"page":"128-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":187,"title":["Long-term outcomes of obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: follow-up of 142 children and adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"197","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Micali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Heyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Hilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Nakatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Mataix-Cols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198811000-00018"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.180.5.461"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-005-0456-9"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01977739"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0015"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007870170045"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref28","volume-title":"Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.","year":"2007"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.9.975"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820180023003"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref13","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn) (DSM\u2013IV)","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref17","volume-title":"Behavioural Psychotherapy","author":"Marks","year":"1986"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref9","volume-title":"The ICD\u201310 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines","year":"1992"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref16","volume-title":"ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology","author":"Guy","year":"1976"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08071006"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900018629","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of exposure and ritual prevention therapy and serotonergic medications for obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"8","author":"Hembree","year":"2003","journal-title":"CNS Spectrums"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref31","volume-title":"IAPT Implementation Plan: National Guidelines for Regional Delivery.","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref14","volume-title":"Persistence, Onset, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Childhood Mental Disorders.","author":"Meltzer","year":"2005"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200310000-00011"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.179.4.324"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2006.02.012"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3001_3"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00302.x"},{"key":"S0007125000252847_ref10","article-title":"The Yale\u2013Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. 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